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Tytuł:
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Impact evaluation of a community-based intervention for prevention of cardiovascular diseases in the slums of Nairobi: the SCALE-UP study.
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Autorzy:
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van de Vijver S; African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya.; Department of Global Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam and Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; .
Oti SO; African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya.; Department of Global Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam and Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Gomez GB; Department of Global Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam and Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.; Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Agyemang C; Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Egondi T; African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya.
Moll van Charante E; Department of Family Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Brewster LM; Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.; Departments of Vascular and Internal Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Hankins C; Department of Global Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam and Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.; Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Tanovic Z; Amsterdam Institute for International Development (AIID), Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Ezeh A; African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya.
Kyobutungi C; African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya.
Stronks K; Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Źródło:
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Global health action [Glob Health Action] 2016 Mar 24; Vol. 9, pp. 30922. Date of Electronic Publication: 2016 Mar 24 (Print Publication: 2016).
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Typ publikacji:
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Evaluation Study; Journal Article
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Język:
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English
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Imprint Name(s):
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Publication: <2016- > : Philadelphia, PA : Taylor & Francis
Original Publication: Häggeby : Co-Action Publishing
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MeSH Terms:
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Poverty Areas*
Cardiovascular Diseases/*prevention & control
Health Promotion/*methods
Hypertension/*prevention & control
Adult ; Blood Pressure Determination ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension/epidemiology ; Kenya/epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors
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References:
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Contributed Indexing:
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Keywords: Kenya; awareness; blood pressure; cardiovascular disease; hypertension; prevention; slum; treatment; urban poor
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Entry Date(s):
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Date Created: 20160329 Date Completed: 20170105 Latest Revision: 20191210
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Update Code:
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20240104
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PubMed Central ID:
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PMC4808680
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DOI:
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10.3402/gha.v9.30922
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PMID:
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27019347
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Background: A combination of increasing urbanization, behaviour change, and lack of health services in slums put the urban poor specifically at risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a community-based CVD prevention intervention on blood pressure (BP) and other CVD risk factors in a slum setting in Nairobi, Kenya.
Design: Prospective intervention study includes awareness campaigns, household visits for screening, and referral and treatment of people with hypertension. The primary outcome was overall change in mean systolic blood pressure (SBP), while secondary outcomes were changes in awareness of hypertension and other CVD risk factors. We evaluated the intervention's impact through consecutive cross-sectional surveys at baseline and after 18 months, comparing outcomes of intervention and control group, through a difference-in-difference method.
Results: We screened 1,531 and 1,233 participants in the intervention and control sites. We observed a significant reduction in mean SBP when comparing before and after measurements in both intervention and control groups, -2.75 mmHg (95% CI -4.33 to -1.18, p=0.001) and -1.67 mmHg (95% CI -3.17 to -0.17, p=0.029), respectively. Among people with hypertension at baseline, SBP was reduced by -14.82 mmHg (95% CI -18.04 to -11.61, p<0.001) in the intervention and -14.05 (95% CI -17.71 to -10.38, p<0.001) at the control site. However, comparing these two groups, we found no difference in changes in mean SBP or hypertension prevalence.
Conclusions: We found significant declines in SBP over time in both intervention and control groups. However, we found no additional effect of a community-based intervention involving awareness campaigns, screening, referral, and treatment. Possible explanations include the beneficial effect of baseline measurements in the control group on behaviour and related BP levels, and the limited success of treatment and suboptimal adherence in the intervention group.
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