Chlorthalidone Is Superior to Potassium Citrate in Reducing Calcium Phosphate Stones and Increasing Bone Quality in Hypercalciuric Stone-Forming Rats.

Tytuł:: Chlorthalidone Is Superior to Potassium Citrate in Reducing Calcium Phosphate Stones and Increasing Bone Quality in Hypercalciuric Stone-Forming Rats.
Autorzy:: Krieger NS; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York; Nancy_.
Asplin JR; Litholink Corporation, Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings, Chicago, Illinois.
Granja I; Litholink Corporation, Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings, Chicago, Illinois.
Ramos FM; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York.
Flotteron C; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York.
Chen L; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York.
Wu TT; Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, New York; and.
Grynpas MD; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Bushinsky DA; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York.
Źródło:: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN [J Am Soc Nephrol] 2019 Jul; Vol. 30 (7), pp. 1163-1173. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 May 17.
Typ publikacji:: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Język:: English
Imprint Name(s):: Publication: 2023- : Hagerstown, MD : Wolters Kluwer Health, on behalf of the American Society of Nephrology
Original Publication: Baltimore, MD : Williams & Wilkins, c1990-
MeSH Terms:: Bone Density/*drug effects
Calcium Phosphates/*metabolism
Chlorthalidone/*pharmacology
Hypercalciuria/*drug therapy
Kidney Calculi/*prevention & control
Potassium Citrate/*pharmacology
Animals ; Chlorthalidone/administration & dosage ; Hypercalciuria/complications ; Male ; Oxalates/urine ; Potassium Citrate/administration & dosage ; Rats
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Grant Information:: R01 DK075462 United States DK NIDDK NIH HHS
Contributed Indexing:: Keywords: calcium; hypercalciuria; kidney stones
Substance Nomenclature:: 0 (Calcium Phosphates)
0 (Oxalates)
97Z1WI3NDX (calcium phosphate)
EE90ONI6FF (Potassium Citrate)
Q0MQD1073Q (Chlorthalidone)
Entry Date(s):: Date Created: 20190519 Date Completed: 20200420 Latest Revision: 20200701
Update Code:: 20240104
PubMed Central ID:: PMC6622425
DOI:: 10.1681/ASN.2018101066
PMID:: 31101664
: Czasopismo naukowe

Background: The pathophysiology of genetic hypercalciuric stone-forming rats parallels that of human idiopathic hypercalciuria. In this model, all animals form calcium phosphate stones. We previously found that chlorthalidone, but not potassium citrate, decreased stone formation in these rats.
Methods: To test whether chlorthalidone and potassium citrate combined would reduce calcium phosphate stone formation more than either medication alone, four groups of rats were fed a fixed amount of a normal calcium and phosphorus diet, supplemented with potassium chloride (as control), potassium citrate, chlorthalidone (with potassium chloride to equalize potassium intake), or potassium citrate plus chlorthalidone. We measured urine every 6 weeks and assessed stone formation and bone quality at 18 weeks.
Results: Potassium citrate reduced urine calcium compared with controls, chlorthalidone reduced it further, and potassium citrate plus chlorthalidone reduced it even more. Chlorthalidone increased urine citrate and potassium citrate increased it even more; the combination did not increase it further. Potassium citrate, alone or with chlorthalidone, increased urine calcium phosphate supersaturation, but chlorthalidone did not. All control rats formed stones. Potassium citrate did not alter stone formation. No stones formed with chlorthalidone, and rats given potassium citrate plus chlorthalidone had some stones but fewer than controls. Rats given chlorthalidone with or without potassium citrate had higher bone mineral density and better mechanical properties than controls, whereas those given potassium citrate did not.
Conclusions: In genetic hypercalciuric stone-forming rats, chlorthalidone is superior to potassium citrate alone or combined with chlorthalidone in reducing calcium phosphate stone formation and improving bone quality.
(Copyright © 2019 by the American Society of Nephrology.)

Comment in: J Urol. 2020 Jan;203(1):26. (PMID: 31618163)
Comment in: Ann Transl Med. 2019 Sep;7(Suppl 6):S219. (PMID: 31656798)

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