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Tytuł:
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Comparative immune response and pathogenicity of the H9N2 avian influenza virus after administration of Immulant , based on Echinacea and Nigella sativa, in stressed chickens.
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Autorzy:
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Eladl AH; Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt. Electronic address: .
Arafat N; Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
El-Shafei RA; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
Farag VM; Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
Saleh RM; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
Awadin WF; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
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Źródło:
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Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases [Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis] 2019 Aug; Vol. 65, pp. 165-175. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 May 21.
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Typ publikacji:
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Comparative Study; Evaluation Study; Journal Article
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Język:
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English
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Imprint Name(s):
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Publication: Exeter : Elsevier Science Ltd
Original Publication: Oxford, Elmsford, N. Y., Pergamon Press.
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MeSH Terms:
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Adjuvants, Immunologic/*administration & dosage
Chickens/*immunology
Echinacea/*chemistry
Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype/*pathogenicity
Influenza Vaccines/*immunology
Nigella sativa/*chemistry
Adjuvants, Immunologic/chemistry ; Animals ; Antibodies, Viral/blood ; Dexamethasone/administration & dosage ; Immunosuppression Therapy ; Influenza in Birds/prevention & control ; Influenza in Birds/virology ; Poultry ; Stress, Physiological ; Virulence ; Virus Shedding
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Contributed Indexing:
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Keywords: AIV-H9N2; Chickens; Dexamethasone; Immulant(®); Stress; Vaccine
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Substance Nomenclature:
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0 (Adjuvants, Immunologic)
0 (Antibodies, Viral)
0 (Influenza Vaccines)
7S5I7G3JQL (Dexamethasone)
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Entry Date(s):
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Date Created: 20190714 Date Completed: 20191129 Latest Revision: 20211204
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Update Code:
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20240105
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DOI:
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10.1016/j.cimid.2019.05.017
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PMID:
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31300109
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Avian influenza vaccines are commonly used in the poultry industry, and some medicinal plants can increase the efficacy of such vaccines. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Immulant ® (IMU) (a commercial product based on Echinacea and Nigella sativa) on stress induced by dexamethasone (DEX) in chickens vaccinated (VAC) against the H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV-H9N2). Seven experimental groups were included: the negative control, VAC, DEX, VAC + DEX, VAC + DEX + IMU, VAC + IMU and IMU groups. The vaccinated chickens (at 10 days of age) were injected daily with DEX for three days pre-vaccination and for three days pre-challenge and orally administered 1% IMU for 6 weeks post-vaccination (PV). The chickens were then challenged intranasally with AIV-H9N2 at 28 days PV. Serum, blood, tracheal and cloacal swabs and tissue samples were collected in the 1 st and 4 th weeks PV and at different time points post-challenge. The results showed significant changes (P ≤ 0.05) in oxidative stress and antioxidant biomarkers (malondialdehyde, nitric oxide and reduced glutathione), haematological and immunological parameters, final live weights, relative organ weights and histopathological lesions between the VAC+DEX group and the VAC group. Moreover, IMU significantly increased protection rates post-challenge, HI antibody titers and heterophil phagocytic activity and decreased DEX-induced stress and virus shedding titers. In conclusion, oral administration of 1% IMU for six weeks can enhance the immune response after AI-H9N2 vaccination and reduce the pathogenicity of infection in stressed chickens.
(Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
