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Tytuł:
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Symposium review: Transition cow calcium homeostasis-Health effects of hypocalcemia and strategies for prevention.
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Autorzy:
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Wilkens MR; Institute of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30173 Hannover, Germany; Department of Animal Sciences, Sustainable Animal Nutrition Group, University of Goettingen, 37077 Goettingen, Germany.
Nelson CD; Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611. Electronic address: .
Hernandez LL; Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 53706.
McArt JAA; Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853.
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Źródło:
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Journal of dairy science [J Dairy Sci] 2020 Mar; Vol. 103 (3), pp. 2909-2927. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Jan 15.
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Typ publikacji:
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Congress
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Język:
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English
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Imprint Name(s):
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Publication: Champaign, IL : American Dairy Science Association
Original Publication: Lancaster, Pa. [etc.]
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MeSH Terms:
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Nutritional Requirements*
Calcium/*metabolism
Cattle Diseases/*prevention & control
Hypocalcemia/*veterinary
Animals ; Cattle ; Diet/veterinary ; Female ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Hypocalcemia/prevention & control ; Lactation ; Minerals/metabolism ; Postpartum Period
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Contributed Indexing:
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Keywords: calcium transport; dairy cow; hypocalcemia
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Substance Nomenclature:
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0 (Minerals)
SY7Q814VUP (Calcium)
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Entry Date(s):
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Date Created: 20200120 Date Completed: 20200610 Latest Revision: 20200610
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Update Code:
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20240104
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DOI:
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10.3168/jds.2019-17268
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PMID:
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31954573
The effects of subclinical hypocalcemia have been explored in numerous observational and mechanistic studies in recent years. Besides obvious, well-known effects on muscle contractility, the role of Ca with respect to immune function and intermediary metabolism explains the contribution of subclinical hypocalcemia to the development of several diseases observed in early lactation and underlines its importance in high-performing dairy cows. The present review aims at integrating recent scientific progress, such as discoveries about the role of the mammary gland in regulating bone mobilization, into generally accepted aspects of the endocrine control of Ca homeostasis. We will discuss Ca transport mechanisms through absorption, resorption, secretion, and mobilization, as well as the physiological regulation of Ca through parathyroid hormone, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, fibroblast growth factor 23, and serotonin, in addition to dietary mineral requirements. To improve hypocalcemia prevention strategies, our knowledge of the physiological mechanisms necessary to maintain normocalcemia and their endogenous regulation should be combined with data derived from herd-level studies. Using such studies, we will discuss prepartum nutritional strategies aimed at reducing the incidence of subclinical hypocalcemia, as well as options for postpartum Ca supplementation and their effects on early-lactation health and production. Especially in respect to approaches that might interfere with endogenous adaptation processes, such as supplementation with vitamin D metabolites or large doses of Ca, a thorough understanding of the underlying mechanisms that might induce unwanted hypocalcemia rebound effects will be crucial to ameliorate our future management of transition cows. Continued efforts by researchers to understand the interaction of Ca homeostasis with prevention strategies is necessary to optimize cow health and support copious milk production.
(Copyright © 2020 American Dairy Science Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
