Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Hypertension, and Cardiovascular Risk: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Management.

Szczegóły
Abstrakt

Tytuł:: Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Hypertension, and Cardiovascular Risk: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Management.
Autorzy:: Salman LA; Department of Internal Medicine, Lankenau Medical Center, Wynnewood, PA, USA.
Shulman R; Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Cohen JB; Renal-Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. .; Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 423 Guardian Drive, 831 Blockley, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA. .
Źródło:: Current cardiology reports [Curr Cardiol Rep] 2020 Jan 18; Vol. 22 (2), pp. 6. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Jan 18.
Typ publikacji:: Journal Article; Review
Język:: English
Imprint Name(s):: Original Publication: Philadelphia, PA : Current Science, c1999-
MeSH Terms:: Continuous Positive Airway Pressure*
Cardiovascular Diseases/*physiopathology
Hypertension/*physiopathology
Obesity/*complications
Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/*physiopathology
Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/*therapy
Blood Pressure ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/therapy ; Humans ; Hypertension/epidemiology ; Hypertension/therapy ; Risk Factors ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/epidemiology
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Contributed Indexing:: Keywords: Blood pressure; Cardiovascular disease; Continuous positive airway pressure; Hypertension; Obesity; Obstructive sleep apnea
Entry Date(s):: Date Created: 20200120 Date Completed: 20200722 Latest Revision: 20200722
Update Code:: 20240104
DOI:: 10.1007/s11886-020-1257-y
PMID:: 31955254
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Purpose of Review: Given the rising prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), we aimed to review the epidemiologic and pathophysiologic relationship of OSA, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease, and to summarize recent advances in the treatment of OSA.
Recent Findings: OSA is associated with an elevated risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Several pathophysiologic factors contribute to the relationship between OSA and vascular risk, including neurohormonal dysregulation, endothelial dysfunction, and inflammation. While CPAP reduces blood pressure, it has not been demonstrated to reduce cardiovascular risk. The combination of CPAP and weight loss has a synergistic effect on blood pressure and several metabolic parameters. Adherence to CPAP is poor across studies, potentially contributing to the attenuation of perceived cardiovascular benefit from CPAP therapy. A greater emphasis on adherence to CPAP and the combination of CPAP and weight loss are central to reducing cardiovascular risk among individuals with OSA.

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