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Tytuł:
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Human dietary exposure to chemicals in sub-Saharan Africa: safety assessment through a total diet study.
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Autorzy:
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Ingenbleek L; Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, Yaounde, Cameroon; Laboratoire d'Étude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments, Oniris, French National Institute for Agricultural Research, Nantes, France.
Verger P; World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
Gimou MM; Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, Yaounde, Cameroon.
Adegboye A; National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control, Abuja, Nigeria.
Adebayo SB; National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control, Abuja, Nigeria.
Hossou SE; Agence Béninoise de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments, Cotonou, Benin.
Koné AZ; Agence Nationale de la Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments, Bamako, Mali.
Jazet E; National Institute for Statistics, Yaounde, Cameroon.
Dzossa AD; National Institute for Statistics, Yaounde, Cameroon.
Ogungbangbe J; National Bureau of Statistics, Abuja, Nigeria.
Dansou S; Institut National de la Statistique et de l'Analyse Economique, Cotonou, Benin.
Diallo ZJ; Institut National de la Statistique et de l'Analyse Economique, Bamako, Mali.
Jitaru P; Agence Nationale Pour la Sécurité Sanitaire de l'Alimentation de l'Environnement et du Travail, Maisons-Alfort, France.
Guérin T; Agence Nationale Pour la Sécurité Sanitaire de l'Alimentation de l'Environnement et du Travail, Maisons-Alfort, France.
Lopes-Pereira L; Inovalys, Official Laboratory of Analysis, Le Mans, France.
Hu R; Inovalys, Official Laboratory of Analysis, Le Mans, France.
Sulyok M; University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Tulln, Austria.
Krska R; University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Tulln, Austria; Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
Marchand P; Laboratoire d'Étude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments, Oniris, French National Institute for Agricultural Research, Nantes, France.
Le Bizec B; Laboratoire d'Étude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments, Oniris, French National Institute for Agricultural Research, Nantes, France.
Eyangoh S; Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, Yaounde, Cameroon.
Kamanzi J; Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Accra, Ghana.
Ouattara B; Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Accra, Ghana.
Merten C; Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy.
Lipp M; Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy.
Clarke R; Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy.
Leblanc JC; Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: .
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Źródło:
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The Lancet. Planetary health [Lancet Planet Health] 2020 Jul; Vol. 4 (7), pp. e292-e300.
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Typ publikacji:
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Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Język:
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English
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Imprint Name(s):
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Original Publication: [Amsterdam] : Elsevier B.V., [2017]-
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MeSH Terms:
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Food Analysis*
Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points*
Diet/*statistics & numerical data
Dietary Exposure/*adverse effects
Environmental Pollutants/*adverse effects
Benin ; Cameroon ; Humans ; Mali ; Nigeria
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Grant Information:
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001 International WHO_ World Health Organization
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Substance Nomenclature:
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0 (Environmental Pollutants)
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Entry Date(s):
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Date Created: 20200719 Date Completed: 20201223 Latest Revision: 20210110
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Update Code:
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20240105
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DOI:
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10.1016/S2542-5196(20)30104-2
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PMID:
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32681900
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Background: Human dietary exposure to chemicals can result in a wide range of adverse health effects. Some substances might cause non-communicable diseases, including cancer and coronary heart diseases, and could be nephrotoxic. Food is the main human exposure route for many chemicals. We aimed to assess human dietary exposure to a wide range of food chemicals.
Methods: We did a total diet study in Benin, Cameroon, Mali, and Nigeria. We assessed 4020 representative samples of foods, prepared as consumed, which covered more than 90% of the diet of 7291 households from eight study centres. By combining representative dietary surveys of countries with findings for concentrations of 872 chemicals in foods, we characterised human dietary exposure.
Findings: Exposure to lead could result in increases in adult blood pressure up to 2·0 mm Hg, whereas children might lose 8·8-13·3 IQ points (95th percentile in Kano, Nigeria). Morbidity factors caused by coexposure to aflatoxin B1 and hepatitis B virus, and sterigmatocystin and fumonisins, suggest several thousands of additional liver cancer cases per year, and a substantial contribution to the burden of chronic malnutrition in childhood. Exposure to 13 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from consumption of smoked fish and edible oils exceeded levels associated with possible carcinogenicity and genotoxicity health concerns in all study centres. Exposure to aluminium, ochratoxin A, and citrinin indicated a public health concern about nephropathies. From 470 pesticides tested across the four countries, only high concentrations of chlorpyrifos in smoked fish (unauthorised practice identified in Mali) could pose a human health risk.
Interpretation: Risks characterised by this total diet study underscore specific priorities in terms of food safety management in sub-Saharan Africa. Similar investigations specifically targeting children are crucially needed.
Funding: Standards and Trade Development Facility.
(Copyright © 2020 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
