Venomous snakes elicit stronger fear than nonvenomous ones: Psychophysiological response to snake images.

Tytuł:: Venomous snakes elicit stronger fear than nonvenomous ones: Psychophysiological response to snake images.
Autorzy:: Landová E; National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
Peléšková Š; National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
Sedláčková K; National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
Janovcová M; National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
Polák J; National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
Rádlová S; National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.
Vobrubová B; National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
Frynta D; National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
Źródło:: PloS one [PLoS One] 2020 Aug 19; Vol. 15 (8), pp. e0236999. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Aug 19 (Print Publication: 2020).
Typ publikacji:: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Język:: English
Imprint Name(s):: Original Publication: San Francisco, CA : Public Library of Science
MeSH Terms:: Snakes*
Fear/*physiology
Fear/*psychology
Snake Bites/*psychology
Adolescent ; Adult ; Animals ; Autonomic Nervous System/physiology ; Biological Evolution ; Disgust ; Female ; Galvanic Skin Response/physiology ; Heart Rate/physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Models, Psychological ; Photic Stimulation ; Psychometrics ; Psychophysiology ; Snake Venoms/poisoning ; Young Adult
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Substance Nomenclature:: 0 (Snake Venoms)
Entry Date(s):: Date Created: 20200820 Date Completed: 20201013 Latest Revision: 20240329
Update Code:: 20240329
PubMed Central ID:: PMC7437868
DOI:: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236999
PMID:: 32813734
: Czasopismo naukowe

Pełny tekst

Snakes have been important ambush predators of both primates and human hunter-gatherers throughout their co-evolutionary history. Viperid snakes in particular are responsible for most fatal venomous snakebites worldwide and thus represent a strong selective pressure. They elicit intense fear in humans and are easily recognizable thanks to their distinctive morphotype. In this study, we measured skin resistance (SR) and heart rate (HR) in human subjects exposed to snake pictures eliciting either high fear (10 venomous viperid species) or disgust (10 nonvenomous fossorial species). Venomous snakes subjectively evaluated as frightening trigger a stronger physiological response (higher SR amplitude) than repulsive non-venomous snakes. However, stimuli presented in a block (more intense stimulation) do not trigger a stronger emotional response compared to sequentially presented stimuli (less intense stimulation). There are significant interindividual differences as subjects with high fear of snakes confronted with images of viperid snakes show stronger, longer-lasting, and more frequent changes in SR and higher HR compared to low-fear subjects. Thus, we show that humans demonstrate a remarkable ability to discriminate between dangerous viperids and harmless fossorial snakes, which is also reflected in distinct autonomous body responses.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

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