Olfactory Cleft Measurements and COVID-19-Related Anosmia.

Szczegóły
Abstrakt

Tytuł:: Olfactory Cleft Measurements and COVID-19-Related Anosmia.
Autorzy:: Altundag A; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical Faculty, Biruni University, Istanbul, Turkey.; Department of Ear, Nose, and Throat, Acibadem Taksim Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
Yıldırım D; Vocational School of Health, Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, Istanbul, Turkey.; Department of Radiology, Acibadem Taksim Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
Tekcan Sanli DE; Department of Radiology, Acibadem Kozyatagi Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
Cayonu M; Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & NeckSurgery, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
Kandemirli SG; Department of Radiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
Sanli AN; Department of General Surgery, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey.
Arici Duz O; Department of Neurology, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Saatci O; Department of Ear, Nose, and Throat, Sancaktepe Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
Źródło:: Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery [Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg] 2021 Jun; Vol. 164 (6), pp. 1337-1344. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Oct 13.
Typ publikacji:: Journal Article
Język:: English
Imprint Name(s):: Publication: 2023- : [Oxford] : Wiley
Original Publication: [Rochester, Minn.] : The Academy, [c1981-
MeSH Terms:: Anosmia/*pathology
Anosmia/*virology
COVID-19/*complications
Nasal Cavity/*pathology
Olfactory Bulb/*pathology
Adult ; Anosmia/diagnostic imaging ; COVID-19/diagnostic imaging ; COVID-19/pathology ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Cavity/diagnostic imaging ; Olfactory Bulb/diagnostic imaging ; Olfactory Mucosa/diagnostic imaging ; Olfactory Mucosa/pathology ; Organ Size ; Prospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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Contributed Indexing:: Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Sniffin’ Sticks; anosmia; olfactory cleft; volume; width
Entry Date(s):: Date Created: 20201013 Date Completed: 20210609 Latest Revision: 20210610
Update Code:: 20240105
PubMed Central ID:: PMC7554408
DOI:: 10.1177/0194599820965920
PMID:: 33045908
: Czasopismo naukowe

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the differences in olfactory cleft (OC) morphology in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) anosmia compared to control subjects and postviral anosmia related to infection other than severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
Study Design: Prospective.
Setting: This study comprises 91 cases, including 24 cases with anosmia due to SARS-CoV-2, 38 patients with olfactory dysfunction (OD) due to viral infection other than SARS-CoV-2, and a control group of 29 normosmic cases.
Methods: All cases had paranasal sinus computed tomography (CT), and cases with OD had magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) dedicated to the olfactory nerve. The OC width and volumes were measured on CT, and T2-weighted signal intensity (SI), olfactory bulb volumes, and olfactory sulcus depths were assessed on MRI.
Results: This study showed 3 major findings: the right and left OC widths were significantly wider in anosmic patients due to SARS-CoV-2 (group 1) or OD due to non-SARS-CoV-2 viral infection (group 2) when compared to healthy controls. OC volumes were significantly higher in group 1 or 2 than in healthy controls, and T2 SI of OC area was higher in groups 1 and 2 than in healthy controls. There was no significant difference in olfactory bulb volumes and olfactory sulcus depths on MRI among groups 1 and 2.
Conclusion: In this study, patients with COVID-19 anosmia had higher OC widths and volumes compared to control subjects. In addition, there was higher T2 SI of the olfactory bulb in COVID-19 anosmia compared to control subjects, suggesting underlying inflammatory changes. There was a significant negative correlation between these morphological findings and threshold discrimination identification scores.
Level of Evidence: Level 4.

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