Indoor air quality in new and renovated low-income apartments with mechanical ventilation and natural gas cooking in California.

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Abstrakt

Tytuł:: Indoor air quality in new and renovated low-income apartments with mechanical ventilation and natural gas cooking in California.
Autorzy:: Zhao H; Residential Building Systems Group and Indoor Environment Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Chan WR; Residential Building Systems Group and Indoor Environment Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Cohn S; Association for Energy Affordability, Emeryville, CA, USA.
Delp WW; Residential Building Systems Group and Indoor Environment Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Walker IS; Residential Building Systems Group and Indoor Environment Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Singer BC; Residential Building Systems Group and Indoor Environment Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Źródło:: Indoor air [Indoor Air] 2021 May; Vol. 31 (3), pp. 717-729. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Nov 04.
Typ publikacji:: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Język:: English
Imprint Name(s):: Publication: Oxford : Blackwell
Original Publication: Copenhagen : Danish Technical Press, c1991-
MeSH Terms:: Natural Gas*
Particulate Matter*
Ventilation*
Air Pollution, Indoor/*statistics & numerical data
Air Pollutants ; California ; Cooking ; Environmental Monitoring ; Formaldehyde ; Nitrogen Dioxide ; Poverty ; Respiration, Artificial ; Vehicle Emissions
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Contributed Indexing:: Keywords: codes and standards; fine particulate matter; formaldehyde; multifamily; nitrogen dioxide; range hood
Substance Nomenclature:: 0 (Air Pollutants)
0 (Natural Gas)
0 (Particulate Matter)
0 (Vehicle Emissions)
1HG84L3525 (Formaldehyde)
S7G510RUBH (Nitrogen Dioxide)
Entry Date(s):: Date Created: 20201018 Date Completed: 20211014 Latest Revision: 20211014
Update Code:: 20240105
DOI:: 10.1111/ina.12764
PMID:: 33070378
: Czasopismo naukowe

Pełny tekst

This paper presents pollutant concentrations and performance data for code-required mechanical ventilation equipment in 23 low-income apartments at 4 properties constructed or renovated 2013-2017. All apartments had natural gas cooking burners. Occupants pledged to not use windows for ventilation during the study but several did. Measured airflows of range hoods and bathroom exhaust fans were lower than product specifications. Only eight apartments operationally met all ventilation code requirements. Pollutants measured over one week in each apartment included time-resolved fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), formaldehyde and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and time-integrated formaldehyde, NO 2 and nitrogen oxides (NO X ). Compared to a recent study of California houses with code-compliant ventilation, apartments were smaller, had fewer occupants, higher densities, and higher mechanical ventilation rates. Mean PM 2.5 , formaldehyde, NO 2 , and CO 2 were 7.7 µg/m 3 , 14.1, 18.8, and 741 ppm in apartments; these are 4% lower, 25% lower, 165% higher, and 18% higher compared to houses with similar cooking frequency. Four apartments had weekly PM 2.5 above the California annual outdoor standard of 12 µg/m 3 and also discrete days above the World Health Organization 24-hour guideline of 25 µg/m 3 . Two apartments had weekly NO 2 above the California annual outdoor standard of 30 ppb.
(© 2020 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

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