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Tytuł:
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Occurrence and fate of pharmaceuticals in a wastewater treatment plant from southeast of Spain and risk assessment.
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Autorzy:
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Martínez-Alcalá I; Department of Civil Engineering, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), Av. de los Jerónimos, 135, 30107, Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain. Electronic address: .
Guillén-Navarro JM; Department of Civil Engineering, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), Av. de los Jerónimos, 135, 30107, Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain.
Lahora A; Regional Entity for Sanitation and Wastewater Treatment in the Region of Murcia (ESAMUR), C. Santiago Navarro, 4, 30100, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
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Źródło:
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Journal of environmental management [J Environ Manage] 2021 Feb 01; Vol. 279, pp. 111565. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Nov 05.
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Typ publikacji:
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Journal Article
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Język:
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English
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Imprint Name(s):
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Original Publication: London ; New York, Academic Press.
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MeSH Terms:
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Pharmaceutical Preparations*
Water Pollutants, Chemical*/analysis
Water Purification*
Ecosystem ; Environmental Monitoring ; Humans ; Risk Assessment ; Spain ; Waste Disposal, Fluid ; Wastewater/analysis
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Contributed Indexing:
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Keywords: Ecological risk quotient; Emerging contaminants; Human risk quotient; Pharmaceutical; WWTP
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Substance Nomenclature:
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0 (Pharmaceutical Preparations)
0 (Waste Water)
0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
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Entry Date(s):
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Date Created: 20201108 Date Completed: 20210113 Latest Revision: 20221207
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Update Code:
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20240105
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DOI:
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10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111565
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PMID:
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33160743
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Pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) can be incorporated into ecosystems and pose potential environmental and health hazards. These pollutants are becoming omnipresent in the environment because they are introduced by several sources, being particularly important the contribution of human-derived pharmaceuticals. The presence of PPCPs in waters has received increasing attention in recent years, resulting in great concern regarding their occurrence, transformation, fate and environmental risk. For that reason, the pharmaceuticals carbamazepine (CBZ), diclofenac (DIC), ibuprofen (IBU), ketoprofen (KET) and naproxen (NPX) were measured in the waters and sludge of several parts of a double step activated sludge wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) from Murcia (Spain). With these results, the biological degradation constant, the sorption coefficient and the pharmaceutical removal were calculated. Possible risks to humans and ecosystems were also evaluated. These showed good degradation of IBU and NPX (74.4 and 84.9%, respectively), while CBZ didn't display any degradation. DIC was the compound most likely to be sorbed into the sludge (3.09 L kg -1 ). The PPCPs removal in this double stage WWTP was compared to a previous data obtained in a WWTP of the same region with an activated sludge (single biological batch reactor). The results showed a decrease in the removal of the double stage plant, probably due to the lower hydraulic retention time employed. The study of the human and ecological risk quotients indicates a low risk of the selected pharmaceuticals (RQ < 0.1).
(Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
