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Tytuł:
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Rapid assessment of avoidable blindness and cataract surgery coverage among forcibly displaced Myanmar Nationals (Rohingya refugees) in Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh.
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Autorzy:
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Hussain AHME; Directorate General of Medical Education, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Ahmed M; Orbis Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Vincent JE; Seva Foundation, Berkeley, California, United States of America.; Faculty of Optometry, Rangsit University, Pathum Thani, Thailand.; Faculty of Public Health, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand.
Islam J; CSF Global, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Sapkota YD; International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness Southeast Asia, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Das T; International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness Southeast Asia, Hyderabad, India.; L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India.
Congdon N; Orbis International, New York, New York, United States of America.
Husain L; Orbis Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Khandaker G; CSF Global, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; Asian Institute of Disability and Development (AIDD), University of South Asia, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia.; Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.; Central Queensland Public Health Unit, Central Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia.
Muhit M; CSF Global, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; Asian Institute of Disability and Development (AIDD), University of South Asia, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Hossain MA; Orbis International, New York, New York, United States of America.
Haddad D; Orbis International, New York, New York, United States of America.
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Źródło:
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PloS one [PLoS One] 2020 Dec 01; Vol. 15 (12), pp. e0243005. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Dec 01 (Print Publication: 2020).
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Typ publikacji:
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Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Język:
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English
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Imprint Name(s):
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Original Publication: San Francisco, CA : Public Library of Science
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MeSH Terms:
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Blindness/*prevention & control
Blindness/*surgery
Cataract Extraction/*statistics & numerical data
Refugees/*statistics & numerical data
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bangladesh ; Blindness/epidemiology ; Blindness/etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myanmar/epidemiology ; Myanmar/ethnology ; Presbyopia/epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Refractive Errors/epidemiology ; Treatment Outcome
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References:
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Entry Date(s):
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Date Created: 20201201 Date Completed: 20210115 Latest Revision: 20210115
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Update Code:
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20240105
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PubMed Central ID:
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PMC7707460
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DOI:
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10.1371/journal.pone.0243005
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PMID:
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33259555
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Aim: To determine the prevalence and causes of blindness, vision impairment and cataract surgery coverage among Rohingya refugees aged ≥ 50 years residing in camps in Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh.
Methods: We used the Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness (RAAB) methodology to select 76 clusters of 50 participants aged ≥ 50 years with probability proportionate to size. Demographic and cataract surgery data were collected using questionnaires, visual acuity was assessed per World Health Organization criteria and examinations were conducted by torch, and with direct ophthalmoscopy in eyes with pinhole-corrected vision <6/12. RAAB software was used for data entry and analysis.
Results: We examined 3,629 of 3800 selected persons (95.5%). Age and sex adjusted prevalence of blindness (<3/60), severe visual impairment (SVI; >3/60 to ≤6/60), moderate visual impairment (MVI; >6/60 to ≤6/18), and early visual impairment (EVI; >6/18 to ≤6/12) were 2.14%, 2.35%, 9.68% and 14.7% respectively. Cataract was responsible for 75.0% of blindness and 75.8% of SVI, while refractive error caused 47.9% and 90.9% of MVI and EVI respectively. Most vision loss (95.9%) was avoidable. Cataract surgical coverage among the blind was 81.2%. Refractive error was detected in 17.1% (n = 622) of participants and 95.2% (n = 592) of these did not have spectacles. In the full Rohingya cohort of 76,692, approximately 10,000 surgeries are needed to correct all eyes impaired (<6/18) by cataract, 12,000 need distance glasses and 73,000 require presbyopic correction.
Conclusion: The prevalence of blindness was lower than expected for a displaced population, in part due to few Rohingya being ≥60 years and the camp's good access to cataract surgery. We suggest the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees include eye care among recommended health services for all refugees with long-term displacement.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interest exist.
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