A simple estimate of axon size with diffusion MRI.

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Tytuł:: A simple estimate of axon size with diffusion MRI.
Autorzy:: Harkins KD; Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, United States; Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, United States. Electronic address: .
Beaulieu C; Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Canada.
Xu J; Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, United States; Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, United States.
Gore JC; Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, United States; Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, United States; Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, United States.
Does MD; Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, United States; Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, United States.
Źródło:: NeuroImage [Neuroimage] 2021 Feb 15; Vol. 227, pp. 117619. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Dec 08.
Typ publikacji:: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Język:: English
Imprint Name(s):: Original Publication: Orlando, FL : Academic Press, c1992-
MeSH Terms:: Axons*
Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging/*methods
White Matter/*diagnostic imaging
Algorithms ; Computer Simulation ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods ; Monte Carlo Method
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Grant Information:: P50 HD103537 United States HD NICHD NIH HHS; R01 EB019980 United States EB NIBIB NIH HHS
Contributed Indexing:: Keywords: Axon; Diameter; Diffusion; MRI; Monte Carlo; Oscillating gradient; Pulsed gradient; White matter
Entry Date(s):: Date Created: 20201210 Date Completed: 20210301 Latest Revision: 20220224
Update Code:: 20240104
PubMed Central ID:: PMC7949481
DOI:: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117619
PMID:: 33301942
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Noninvasive estimation of mean axon diameter presents a new opportunity to explore white matter plasticity, development, and pathology. Several diffusion-weighted MRI (DW-MRI) methods have been proposed to measure the average axon diameter in white matter, but they typically require many diffusion encoding measurements and complicated mathematical models to fit the signal to multiple tissue compartments, including intra- and extra-axonal spaces. Here, Monte Carlo simulations uncovered a straightforward DW-MRI metric of axon diameter: the change in radial apparent diffusion coefficient estimated at different effective diffusion times, ΔD ⊥ . Simulations indicated that this metric increases monotonically within a relevant range of effective mean axon diameter while being insensitive to changes in extra-axonal volume fraction, axon diameter distribution, g-ratio, and influence of myelin water. Also, a monotonic relationship was found to exist for signals coming from both intra- and extra-axonal compartments. The slope in ΔD ⊥ with effective axon diameter increased with the difference in diffusion time of both oscillating and pulsed gradient diffusion sequences.
(Copyright © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

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