Three As of American Indian adolescent marijuana use: Availability, acceptability, and approval.

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Tytuł:: Three As of American Indian adolescent marijuana use: Availability, acceptability, and approval.
Autorzy:: Spillane NS; PATHS Lab, University of Rhode Island Department of Psychology, 142 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI 02881, United States. Electronic address: .
Schick MR; PATHS Lab, University of Rhode Island Department of Psychology, 142 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI 02881, United States.
Nalven T; PATHS Lab, University of Rhode Island Department of Psychology, 142 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI 02881, United States.
Kirk-Provencher KT; PATHS Lab, University of Rhode Island Department of Psychology, 142 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI 02881, United States.
Źródło:: Drug and alcohol dependence [Drug Alcohol Depend] 2021 Feb 01; Vol. 219, pp. 108462. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Dec 19.
Typ publikacji:: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Język:: English
Imprint Name(s):: Publication: Limerick : Elsevier
Original Publication: Lausanne, Elsevier Sequoia.
MeSH Terms:: Marijuana Use/*ethnology
American Indian or Alaska Native/*statistics & numerical data
Adolescent ; Cannabis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Marijuana Smoking ; Marijuana Use/epidemiology ; Schools ; Social Norms ; Students/statistics & numerical data ; Substance-Related Disorders
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Grant Information:: R01 DA003371 United States DA NIDA NIH HHS
Contributed Indexing:: Keywords: Adolescent; American Indian; Descriptive norms; Injunctive norms; Marijuana use; Perceived risks; Substance availability
Entry Date(s):: Date Created: 20201229 Date Completed: 20210511 Latest Revision: 20221207
Update Code:: 20240105
PubMed Central ID:: PMC8392678
DOI:: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108462
PMID:: 33373878
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Background: American Indian (AI) adolescents report high rates of marijuana use and related consequences and availability of marijuana has a robust relationship with marijuana use. The purpose of the present study was to examine the role of perceptions of approval (i.e., injunctive norms), and acceptability (i.e., descriptive norms and perceived harm) in the relationship between marijuana availability and marijuana use.
Methods: Data collected from 2009 to 2013 included 3498 AI 7th-12th graders residing on or near a reservation (47.8 % female). Multilevel mediation analyses were conducted using the MLmed macro in IBM SPSS v26.0 to account for the nesting of data within schools.
Results: The associations between marijuana availability and perceived risks (b=-.38, p < .001), descriptive norms (b = .80, p < .001), and injunctive norms related to marijuana use (b=-.24, p < .001), were significant. The associations between perceived risks (b=-.27, p < .001), descriptive norms (b = .14, p < .001), and injunctive norms (b=-.18, p < .001) and marijuana use were also significant. The indirect effects of marijuana availability on marijuana use through the pathways of perceived risks (b = .10, p < .001, 95 %CI[.08, .12]), descriptive norms (b = .11, p < .001, 95 %CI[.09, .14]), and injunctive norms related to marijuana use (b = .04, p < .001, 95 %CI[.03, .06]) were significant. The direct effect linking marijuana availability to marijuana use remained significant (b = .28, p < .001) but decreased by 37.8 %. when controlling for perceived risks, descriptive norms, and injunctive norms related to marijuana use.
Conclusions: Interventions aiming to reduce AI adolescent marijuana use should focus on availability and may also be well served by targeting descriptive and injunctive norms, as well as perceived risks of marijuana use.
(Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

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