The acute effects of classic psychedelics on memory in humans.

Szczegóły
Abstrakt

Tytuł:: The acute effects of classic psychedelics on memory in humans.
Autorzy:: Healy CJ; Department of Psychology, The New School for Social Research, 80 5th Ave, 6th Floor, New York, NY, USA. .
Źródło:: Psychopharmacology [Psychopharmacology (Berl)] 2021 Mar; Vol. 238 (3), pp. 639-653. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jan 09.
Typ publikacji:: Journal Article; Review
Język:: English
Imprint Name(s):: Original Publication: Berlin, New York, Springer-Verlag.
MeSH Terms:: Hallucinogens/*toxicity
Lysergic Acid Diethylamide/*toxicity
Memory Disorders/*chemically induced
Psilocybin/*toxicity
Banisteriopsis/chemistry ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Humans ; Memory, Episodic ; Memory, Short-Term/drug effects ; Mental Recall/drug effects ; Psychotherapy
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Contributed Indexing:: Keywords: Autobiographical memory,; Episodic memory,; Memory,; Psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy; Psychedelics,; Recovered memory; Semantic memory,; Working memory,
Substance Nomenclature:: 0 (Hallucinogens)
2RV7212BP0 (Psilocybin)
8NA5SWF92O (Lysergic Acid Diethylamide)
Entry Date(s):: Date Created: 20210109 Date Completed: 20210316 Latest Revision: 20210316
Update Code:: 20240105
DOI:: 10.1007/s00213-020-05756-w
PMID:: 33420592
: Czasopismo naukowe

Pełny tekst

Rationale: Memory plays a central role in the psychedelic experience. The spontaneous recall and immersive reliving of autobiographical memories has frequently been noted by researchers and clinicians as a salient phenomenon in the profile of subjective effects of classic psychedelic drugs such as psilocybin, LSD, and ayahuasca. The ability for psychedelics to provoke vivid memories has been considered important to their clinical efficacy.
Objective: This review aims to examine and aggregate the findings from experimental, observational, and qualitative studies on the acute modulation of memory by classic psychedelics in humans.
Method: A literature search was conducted using PubMed and PsycInfo as well as manual review of references from eligible studies. Publications reporting quantitative and/or qualitative findings were included; animal studies and case reports were excluded.
Results: Classic psychedelics produce dose-dependently increasing impairments in memory task performance, such that low doses produce no impairment and higher doses produce increasing levels of impairment. This pattern has been observed in tasks assessing spatial and verbal working memory, semantic memory, and non-autobiographical episodic memory. Such impairments may be less pronounced among experienced psychedelic users. Classic psychedelics also increase the vividness of autobiographical memories and frequently stimulate the recall and/or re-experiencing of autobiographical memories, often memories that are affectively intense (positively or negatively valenced) and that had been avoided and/or forgotten prior to the experience.
Conclusions: Classic psychedelics dose-dependently impair memory task performance but may enhance autobiographical memory. These findings are relevant to the understanding of psychological mechanisms of action of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy.

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