Sex differences in executive control: A systematic review of functional neuroimaging studies.

Tytuł:: Sex differences in executive control: A systematic review of functional neuroimaging studies.
Autorzy:: Gaillard A; Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC., Australia.
Fehring DJ; Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC., Australia.; ARC Centre of Excellence in Integrative Brain Function, Monash University, Clayton, VIC., Australia.
Rossell SL; Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC., Australia.; Psychiatry, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC., Australia.
Źródło:: The European journal of neuroscience [Eur J Neurosci] 2021 Apr; Vol. 53 (8), pp. 2592-2611. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Feb 01.
Typ publikacji:: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Systematic Review
Język:: English
Imprint Name(s):: Publication: : Oxford : Wiley-Blackwell
Original Publication: Oxford, UK : Published on behalf of the European Neuroscience Association by Oxford University Press, c1989-
MeSH Terms:: Functional Neuroimaging*
Sex Characteristics*
Brain ; Executive Function ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Neuroimaging
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Contributed Indexing:: Keywords: EEG; cognition; fMRI; neuroimaging; sex
Entry Date(s):: Date Created: 20210110 Date Completed: 20210629 Latest Revision: 20210629
Update Code:: 20240105
DOI:: 10.1111/ejn.15107
PMID:: 33423339
: Czasopismo naukowe

Pełny tekst

The number of studies investigating sex differences in executive functions, particularly those using human functional neuroimaging techniques, has risen dramatically in the past decade. However, the influences of sex on executive function are still underexplored and poorly characterized. To address this, we conducted a systematic literature review of functional neuroimaging studies investigating sex differences in three prominent executive control domains of cognitive set-shifting, performance monitoring, and response inhibition. PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were systematically searched. Following the application of exclusion criteria, 21 studies were included, with a total of 677 females and 686 males. Ten of these studies were fMRI and PET, eight were EEG, and three were NIRS. At present, there is evidence for sex differences in the neural networks underlying all tasks of executive control included in this review suggesting males and females engage different strategies depending on task demands. There was one task exception, the 2-Back task, which showed no sex differences. Due to methodological variability and the involvement of multiple neural networks, a simple overarching statement with regard to gender differences during executive control cannot be provided. As such, we discuss limitations within the current literature and methodological considerations that should be employed in future research. Importantly, sex differences in neural mechanisms are present in the majority of tasks assessed, and thus should not be ignored in future research. PROSPERO registration information: CRD42019124772.
(© 2021 Federation of European Neuroscience Societies and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

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