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Tytuł:
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The neuropsychological outcomes of non-fatal strangulation in domestic and sexual violence: A systematic review.
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Autorzy:
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Bichard H; North Wales Brain Injury Service, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, Liverpool, UK.; School of Psychology, Bangor University, Bangor, UK.; The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK.
Byrne C; North Wales Brain Injury Service, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, Liverpool, UK.; School of Psychology, Bangor University, Bangor, UK.
Saville CWN; School of Psychology, Bangor University, Bangor, UK.
Coetzer R; North Wales Brain Injury Service, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, Liverpool, UK.; School of Psychology, Bangor University, Bangor, UK.
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Źródło:
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Neuropsychological rehabilitation [Neuropsychol Rehabil] 2022 Jul; Vol. 32 (6), pp. 1164-1192. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jan 12.
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Typ publikacji:
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Journal Article; Systematic Review
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Język:
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English
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Imprint Name(s):
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Publication: [London] : Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group
Original Publication: Hove, East Sussex, UK : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Ltd., c1991-
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MeSH Terms:
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Sex Offenses*
Aggression/psychology ; Asphyxia/etiology ; Humans ; Self Report
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Contributed Indexing:
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Keywords: Choking; Hypoxic-ischaemic; Intimate partner violence; Sexual assault; Systematic review
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Entry Date(s):
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Date Created: 20210112 Date Completed: 20220909 Latest Revision: 20220909
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Update Code:
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20240105
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DOI:
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10.1080/09602011.2020.1868537
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PMID:
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33432860
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This systematic review draws together evidence from the literature for the pathological, neurological, cognitive, psychological, and behavioural outcomes of non-fatal strangulation in domestic and sexual violence. A systematic search of PubMed, PsycINFO, CINHAL, Proquest, ASSIA, Web of Science, WestLaw, Open Grey, and Ethos was conducted, with no date limits set, to identify eligible studies. Thirty empirical, peer-reviewed studies were found which met the inclusion criteria. Pathological changes included arterial dissection and stroke. Neurological consequences included loss of consciousness, indicating at least mild acquired brain injury, seizures, motor and speech disorders, and paralysis. Psychological outcomes included PTSD, depression, suicidality, and dissociation. Cognitive and behavioural sequelae were described less frequently, but included memory loss, increased aggression, compliance, and lack of help-seeking. However, no studies used formal neuropsychological assessment: the majority were medical case studies or based on self-report. Furthermore, few authors were able to control for possible confounds, including other physical violence and existing psychosocial difficulties. There is therefore a need for further neuropsychological research, focusing on cognitive and behavioural outcomes, using standardized tools, and control groups where possible. This is urgent, given societal normalization of strangulation, and legal systems which often do not reflect the act's severity and its consequences.
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