Obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome.

Szczegóły
Abstrakt

Tytuł:: Obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome.
Autorzy:: Barber TM; Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Coventry, UK.; Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.
Franks S; Institute of Reproductive & Developmental Biology, Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Źródło:: Clinical endocrinology [Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)] 2021 Oct; Vol. 95 (4), pp. 531-541. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jan 31.
Typ publikacji:: Journal Article
Język:: English
Imprint Name(s):: Publication: <2003->: Oxford : Blackwell Publishing
Original Publication: Oxford, Blackwell Scientific Publications.
MeSH Terms:: Hyperandrogenism*
Insulin Resistance*
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome*/etiology
Adolescent ; Female ; Humans ; Obesity ; Overweight
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Contributed Indexing:: Keywords: metabolism; obesity; polycystic ovary syndrome
Entry Date(s):: Date Created: 20210118 Date Completed: 20211027 Latest Revision: 20211027
Update Code:: 20240105
DOI:: 10.1111/cen.14421
PMID:: 33460482
: Czasopismo naukowe

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The increased global prevalence of obesity over the last 40-years has driven a rise in prevalence of obesity-related co-morbidities, including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). On a background of genetic susceptibility, PCOS often becomes clinically manifest following weight gain, commonly during adolescence. A common endocrinopathy affecting between 6%-10% of reproductive-age women, PCOS presents with the cardinal features of hyperandrogenism, reproductive and metabolic dysfunction. PCOS associates with insulin resistance, independently of (but amplified by) obesity. Insulin resistance in PCOS is characterized by abnormal post-receptor signalling within the phosphatidylinositol-kinase (PI3-K) pathway. Multiple factors (including most notably, weight gain) contribute towards the severity of insulin resistance in PCOS. Compensatory hyperinsulinaemia ensues, resulting in over-stimulation of the (intact) post-receptor mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP-K) insulin pathway, with consequent implications for steroidogenesis and ovarian function. In this concise review, we explore the effects of weight gain and obesity on the pathogenesis of PCOS from the perspective of its three cardinal features of hyperandrogenism, reproductive and metabolic dysfunction, with a focus on the central mediating role of the insulin pathway. We also consider key lifestyle strategies for the effective management of obese and overweight women with PCOS.
(© 2021 The Authors. Clinical Endocrinology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

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