Epidemiology of hepatitis E virus infection in animals in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Tytuł:: Epidemiology of hepatitis E virus infection in animals in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Autorzy:: Modiyinji AF; Department of Virology, Centre Pasteur of Cameroon, Yaoundé, Cameroon.; Department of Biology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Bigna JJ; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Centre Pasteur of Cameroon, Yaoundé, Cameroon.; School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
Kenmoe S; Department of Virology, Centre Pasteur of Cameroon, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Simo FBN; Department of Virology, Centre Pasteur of Cameroon, Yaoundé, Cameroon.; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Centre Pasteur of Cameroon, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Amougou MA; Department of Virology, Centre Pasteur of Cameroon, Yaoundé, Cameroon.; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Centre Pasteur of Cameroon, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Ndangang MS; Department of Medical Information and Informatics, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France.
Nola M; Department of Biology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Njouom R; Department of Virology, Centre Pasteur of Cameroon, Yaoundé, Cameroon. .
Źródło:: BMC veterinary research [BMC Vet Res] 2021 Jan 25; Vol. 17 (1), pp. 50. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jan 25.
Typ publikacji:: Journal Article; Meta-Analysis; Systematic Review
Język:: English
Imprint Name(s):: Original Publication: London : BioMed Central, 2005-
MeSH Terms:: Hepatitis E/*veterinary
Africa/epidemiology ; Animals ; Animals, Domestic/virology ; Hepatitis E/epidemiology ; Hepatitis E/virology ; Hepatitis E virus/genetics ; Human Growth Hormone ; Prevalence ; Seroepidemiologic Studies
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Contributed Indexing:: Keywords: Africa; Animals; Epidemiology; Hepatitis E; Veterinary
Substance Nomenclature:: 12629-01-5 (Human Growth Hormone)
Entry Date(s):: Date Created: 20210126 Date Completed: 20210902 Latest Revision: 20210902
Update Code:: 20240105
PubMed Central ID:: PMC7831161
DOI:: 10.1186/s12917-021-02749-5
PMID:: 33494758
: Czasopismo naukowe

Pełny tekst

Background: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major cause of acute hepatitis in humans worldwide and have high burden in the resource-limited countries. Better knowledge of the epidemiology of hepatitis in animals in Africa can help to understand the epidemiology among humans. The objective of this study was to summarize the prevalence of HEV infection and distribution of HEV genotypes among animals in Africa.
Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we comprehensively searched PubMed, EMBASE, African Journals Online, and Africa Index Medicus from January 1st, 2000 to March 22th, 2020 without any language restriction. We considered cross-sectional studies of HEV infection in animals in Africa. Study selection, data extraction, and methodological quality of included studies were done independently by two investigators. Prevalence data were pooled using the random-effects meta-analysis. This review was registered in PROSPERO, CRD42018087684.
Results: Twenty-five studies (13 species and 6983 animals) were included. The prevalence (antibodies or ribonucleic acid [RNA]) of HEV infection in animals varied widely depending on biological markers of HEV infection measured: 23.4% (95% confidence interval; 12.0-37.2) for anti-HEV immunoglobulins G, 13.1% (3.1-28.3) for anti-HEV immunoglobulins M, and 1.8% (0.2-4.3) for RNA; with substantial heterogeneity. In subgroup analysis, the immunoglobulins G seroprevalence was higher among pigs 37.8% (13.9-65.4). The following HEV genotypes were reported in animals: Rat-HEV genotype 1 (rats and horses), HEV-3 (pigs), HEV-7 (dromedaries), and Bat hepeviruses (bats).
Conclusions: We found a high prevalence of HEV infection in animals in Africa and HEV genotypes close to that of humans. Some animals in Africa could be the reservoir of HEV, highlighting the need of molecular epidemiological studies for investigating zoonotic transmission.

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