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Tytuł pozycji:

Syncytins expressed in human placental trophoblast.

Tytuł:
Syncytins expressed in human placental trophoblast.
Autorzy:
Roberts RM; Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA; Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA. Electronic address: .
Ezashi T; Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA; Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
Schulz LC; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA.
Sugimoto J; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 7348551, Japan.
Schust DJ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA.
Khan T; Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
Zhou J; Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA.
Źródło:
Placenta [Placenta] 2021 Sep 15; Vol. 113, pp. 8-14. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jan 15.
Typ publikacji:
Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Review
Język:
English
Imprint Name(s):
Publication: <2010- > : Amsterdam : Elsevier
Original Publication: London W.B. Saunders.
MeSH Terms:
Biological Evolution*
Placentation*
Endogenous Retroviruses/*genetics
Gene Products, env/*metabolism
Pregnancy Proteins/*metabolism
Trophoblasts/*metabolism
Cell Fusion ; Female ; Gene Products, env/genetics ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Proteins/genetics
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Grant Information:
R01 HD094937 United States HD NICHD NIH HHS; R21 AI145071 United States AI NIAID NIH HHS
Contributed Indexing:
Keywords: Endogenous retrovirus; Extravillous trophoblast; Fusogen; Placental evolution; Suppressyn; Syncytiotrophoblast
Substance Nomenclature:
0 (Gene Products, env)
0 (Pregnancy Proteins)
0 (syncytin)
Entry Date(s):
Date Created: 20210128 Date Completed: 20220217 Latest Revision: 20220916
Update Code:
20240105
PubMed Central ID:
PMC8280254
DOI:
10.1016/j.placenta.2021.01.006
PMID:
33504453
Czasopismo naukowe
Three versions of syncytiotrophoblast exist in the human placenta: an invasive type associated with the implanting conceptus, non-invasive villous type of definitive placenta, and placental bed giant cells. Syncytins are encoded by modified env genes of endogenous retroviruses (ERV), but how they contribute functionally to placental syncytial structures is unclear. A minimum of eight genes (ERVW1, ERVFRD-1, ERVV-1, ERVV-2, ERVH48-1, ERVMER34-1, ERV3-1, & ERVK13-1) encoding syncytin family members are expressed in human trophoblast, the majority from implantation to term. ERVW1 (Syncytin 1) and ERVFRD-1 (Syncytin 2) are considered the major fusogens, but, when the expression of their genes is analyzed by single cell RNAseq in first trimester placenta, their transcripts are distinctly patterned and also differ from those of their proposed binding partners, SLC1A5 and MFSD2A, respectively. ERVRH48-1 (suppressyn or SUPYN) and ERVMER34-1 are probable negative regulators of fusion and co-expressed, primarily in cytotrophoblast. The remaining genes and their products have been little studied. Syncytin expression is a feature of placental development in almost all eutherian mammals studied, in at least one marsupial, and in viviparous lizards, which lack the trophoblast lineage. Their expression has been inferred to be essential for pregnancy success in the mouse. All the main human ERV genes arose following independent retroviral insertion events, none of which trace back to the divergence of eutherians and metatherians (marsupials). While syncytins may be crucial for placental development, it seems unlikely that they helped orchestrate the divergence of eutherians and marsupials.
(Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Comment in: Placenta. 2022 Aug;126:26. (PMID: 35691202)

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