Inactive and inefficient: Warming and drought effect on microbial carbon processing in alpine grassland at depth.

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Tytuł:: Inactive and inefficient: Warming and drought effect on microbial carbon processing in alpine grassland at depth.
Autorzy:: Zhu E; State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Cao Z; State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Jia J; State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Liu C; State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Zhang Z; Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China.
Wang H; State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
Dai G; State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
He JS; State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.; Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Feng X; State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Źródło:: Global change biology [Glob Chang Biol] 2021 May; Vol. 27 (10), pp. 2241-2253. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Feb 11.
Typ publikacji:: Journal Article
Język:: English
Imprint Name(s):: Publication: : Oxford : Blackwell Pub.
Original Publication: Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, 1995-
MeSH Terms:: Carbon*
Grassland*
Droughts ; Nitrogen/analysis ; Soil ; Soil Microbiology
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Grant Information:: 2019YFA0607303 National Key R&D Program of China; 31988102 National Natural Science Foundation of China; 42025303 National Natural Science Foundation of China; 31971502 National Natural Science Foundation of China; GJTD-2019-10 Chinese Academy of Sciences K.C.Wong Education Foundation
Contributed Indexing:: Keywords: carbon utilization efficiency; climate change; deep soil; microbial necromass; mineralization potential; nitrogen limitation; soil organic carbon
Substance Nomenclature:: 0 (Soil)
7440-44-0 (Carbon)
N762921K75 (Nitrogen)
Entry Date(s):: Date Created: 20210202 Date Completed: 20210423 Latest Revision: 20210423
Update Code:: 20240104
DOI:: 10.1111/gcb.15541
PMID:: 33528033
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Subsoils contain >50% of soil organic carbon (SOC) globally yet remain under-investigated in terms of their response to climate changes. Recent evidence suggests that warmer, drier conditions in alpine grasslands induce divergent responses in SOC decomposition and carbon accrual in top- versus subsoils. However, longer term effects on microbial activity (i.e., catabolic respiration vs. anabolic growth) and belowground carbon cycling are not well understood. Here we utilized a field manipulation experiment on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and conducted a 110-day soil incubation with and without 13 C-labeled grass litter to assess microbes' role as both SOC "decomposers" and "contributors" in the top- (0-10 cm) versus subsoils (30-40 cm) after 5 years of warming and drought treatments. Microbial mineralization of both SOC and added litter was examined in tandem with potential extracellular enzyme activities, while microbial biomass synthesis and necromass accumulation were analyzed using phospholipid fatty acids and amino sugars coupled with 13 C analysis, respectively. We found that warming and, to a lesser extent, drought decreased the ratio of inorganic nitrogen (N) to water-extractable organic carbon in the subsoil, intensifying N limitation at depth. Both SOC and litter mineralization were reduced in the subsoil, which may also be related to N limitation, as evidenced by lower hydrolase activity (especially leucine aminopeptidase) and reduced microbial efficiency (lower biomass synthesis and necromass accumulation relative to respiration). However, none of these effects were observed in the topsoil, suggesting that soil microbes became inactive and inefficient in subsoil but not topsoil environments. Given increasing belowground productivity in this alpine grassland under warming, both elevated root deposits and diminished microbial activity may contribute to new carbon accrual in the subsoil. However, the sustainability of plant growth and persistence of subsoil SOC pools deserve further investigation in the long term, given the aggravated N limitation at depth.
(© 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

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