Minimum electric-field gradient coil design: Theoretical limits and practical guidelines.

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Tytuł:: Minimum electric-field gradient coil design: Theoretical limits and practical guidelines.
Autorzy:: Roemer PB; Roemer Consulting, Lutz, Florida, USA.
Rutt BK; Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
Źródło:: Magnetic resonance in medicine [Magn Reson Med] 2021 Jul; Vol. 86 (1), pp. 569-580. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Feb 09.
Typ publikacji:: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Język:: English
Imprint Name(s):: Publication: 1999- : New York, NY : Wiley
Original Publication: San Diego : Academic Press,
MeSH Terms:: Magnetic Fields*
Magnetic Resonance Imaging*
Electricity ; Equipment Design ; Head/diagnostic imaging ; Humans
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Grant Information:: P41 EB027061 United States EB NIBIB NIH HHS; U01 EB025144 United States EB NIBIB NIH HHS; P41 EB015891 United States EB NIBIB NIH HHS; R01 EB025131 United States EB NIBIB NIH HHS
Contributed Indexing:: Keywords: E-field; PNS; asymmetric gradient; electric field; folded gradient; gradient coil; head gradient; peripheral nerve stimulation
Entry Date(s):: Date Created: 20210210 Date Completed: 20210520 Latest Revision: 20240331
Update Code:: 20240331
PubMed Central ID:: PMC8049068
DOI:: 10.1002/mrm.28681
PMID:: 33565135
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Purpose: To develop new concepts for minimum electric-field (E-field) gradient design, and to define the extents to which E-field can be reduced in gradient design while maintaining a desired imaging performance.
Methods: Efficient calculation of induced electric field in simplified patient models was integrated into gradient design software, allowing constraints to be placed on the peak E-field. Gradient coils confined to various build envelopes were designed with minimum E-fields subject to standard magnetic field constraints. We examined the characteristics of E-field-constrained gradients designed for imaging the head and body and the importance of asymmetry and concomitant fields in achieving these solutions.
Results: For transverse gradients, symmetric solutions create high levels of E-fields in the shoulder region, while fully asymmetric solutions create high E-fields on the top of the head. Partially asymmetric solutions result in the lowest E-fields, balanced between shoulders and head and resulting in factors of 1.8 to 2.8 reduction in E-field for x-gradient and y-gradient coils, respectively, when compared with the symmetric designs of identical gradient distortion.
Conclusions: We introduce a generalized method for minimum E-field gradient design and define the theoretical limits of magnetic energy and peak E-field for gradient coils of arbitrary cylindrical geometry.
(© 2021 The Authors. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.)

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