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Tytuł:
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Effect of dietary macronutrients on intestinal cholesterol absorption and endogenous cholesterol synthesis: a randomized crossover trial.
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Autorzy:
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Schroor MM; Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands. Electronic address: .
Plat J; Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Konings MCJM; Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Smeets ETHC; Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Mensink RP; Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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Źródło:
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Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD [Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis] 2021 May 06; Vol. 31 (5), pp. 1579-1585. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jan 29.
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Typ publikacji:
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Comparative Study; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial
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Język:
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English
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Imprint Name(s):
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Publication: 2005- : Amsterdam : Elsevier
Original Publication: [Heidelberg] : Springer International, c1991-
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MeSH Terms:
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Diet, High-Fat*
Diet, High-Protein*
Intestinal Absorption*
Cholesterol/*metabolism
Dietary Carbohydrates/*administration & dosage
Aged ; Biomarkers/blood ; Cholesterol/biosynthesis ; Cholesterol/blood ; Cross-Over Studies ; Dietary Carbohydrates/metabolism ; Double-Blind Method ; Energy Intake ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Netherlands ; Postprandial Period ; Time Factors
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Contributed Indexing:
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Keywords: Cholesterol absorption; Cholesterol synthesis; Non-cholesterol sterols; Postprandial cholesterol metabolism
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Molecular Sequence:
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ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03139890
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Substance Nomenclature:
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0 (Biomarkers)
0 (Dietary Carbohydrates)
97C5T2UQ7J (Cholesterol)
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Entry Date(s):
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Date Created: 20210321 Date Completed: 20210524 Latest Revision: 20210524
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Update Code:
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20240105
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DOI:
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10.1016/j.numecd.2021.01.010
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PMID:
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33744041
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Background and Aims: Extensive research showed a diurnal rhythm of endogenous cholesterol synthesis, whereas recent research reported no diurnal rhythm of intestinal cholesterol absorption in males who consumed low-fat meals. Little is known about the acute effect of macronutrient consumption on cholesterol metabolism, and hence if meal composition may explain this absence of rhythmicity in cholesterol absorption. Therefore, we examined the effect of a high-fat, high-carbohydrate, and high-protein meal on postprandial intestinal cholesterol absorption and endogenous cholesterol synthesis in apparently healthy overweight and slightly obese males.
Methods and Results: Eighteen males consumed in random order an isoenergetic high-fat, high-carbohydrate, and high-protein meal on three occasions. Serum total cholesterol concentrations, cholesterol absorption markers (campesterol, cholestanol, and sitosterol), and cholesterol synthesis intermediates (7-dehydrocholesterol, 7-dehydrodesmosterol, desmosterol, dihydrolanosterol, lanosterol, lathosterol, zymostenol, and zymosterol) were measured at baseline (T0) and 240 min postprandially (T240). Meal consumption did not significantly change total cholesterol concentrations and cholesterol absorption marker levels (all p > 0.05). Serum levels of 7-dehydrocholesterol, lanosterol, lathosterol, zymostenol, and zymosterol decreased significantly between T0 and T240 (all p < 0.05). These decreases were not significantly different between the three meals (all p > 0.05), except for a larger decrease in dihydrolanosterol levels after the high-fat versus the high-carbohydrate meal (p = 0.009).
Conclusion: The high-fat, high-carbohydrate, and high-protein meal did not significantly influence postprandial intestinal cholesterol absorption. Several cholesterol synthesis intermediates decreased postprandially, but the individual macronutrients did not differentially affect these intermediates, except for a possible effect on dihydrolanosterol.
Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03139890.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no conflict of interest.
(Copyright © 2021 The Italian Diabetes Society, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
