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Tytuł:
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Protective Behaviors and Secondary Harms Resulting From Nonpharmaceutical Interventions During the COVID-19 Epidemic in South Africa: Multisite, Prospective Longitudinal Study.
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Autorzy:
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Harling G; Africa Health Research Institute, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.; Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom.; Medical Research Council/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States.; Center for Population and Development Studies, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States.; School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Gómez-Olivé FX; Medical Research Council/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.; International Network for the Demographic Evaluation of Populations and Their Health Network, Accra, Ghana.
Tlouyamma J; Dikgale-Mamabolo-Mothiba Population Health Research Centre, School of Health Care Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Limpopo, Mankweng, South Africa.; Department of Computer Science, School of Mathematical and Computer Sciences, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Limpopo, Mankweng, South Africa.
Mutevedzi T; Department of Science and Innovation-Medical Research Council South African Population Research Infrastructure Network, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Kabudula CW; Medical Research Council/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Mahlako R; Dikgale-Mamabolo-Mothiba Population Health Research Centre, School of Health Care Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Limpopo, Mankweng, South Africa.
Singh U; Africa Health Research Institute, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
Ohene-Kwofie D; Medical Research Council/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Buckland R; Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Ndagurwa P; Medical Research Council/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Gareta D; Africa Health Research Institute, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
Gunda R; Africa Health Research Institute, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.; School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Mngomezulu T; Africa Health Research Institute, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
Nxumalo S; Africa Health Research Institute, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
Wong EB; Africa Health Research Institute, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.; Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.
Kahn K; Medical Research Council/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.; International Network for the Demographic Evaluation of Populations and Their Health Network, Accra, Ghana.
Siedner MJ; Africa Health Research Institute, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.; Harvard Medical School and the Medical Practice Evaluation Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.
Maimela E; Dikgale-Mamabolo-Mothiba Population Health Research Centre, School of Health Care Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Limpopo, Mankweng, South Africa.; Department of Public Health, School of Health Care Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Limpopo, Mankweng, South Africa.
Tollman S; Medical Research Council/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.; International Network for the Demographic Evaluation of Populations and Their Health Network, Accra, Ghana.
Collinson M; Medical Research Council/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.; Department of Science and Innovation-Medical Research Council South African Population Research Infrastructure Network, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Herbst K; Africa Health Research Institute, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.; Department of Science and Innovation-Medical Research Council South African Population Research Infrastructure Network, Johannesburg, South Africa.
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Źródło:
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JMIR public health and surveillance [JMIR Public Health Surveill] 2021 May 13; Vol. 7 (5), pp. e26073. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 May 13.
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Typ publikacji:
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Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Język:
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English
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Imprint Name(s):
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Original Publication: Toronto : JMIR Publications, [2015]-
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MeSH Terms:
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Health Behavior*
Public Policy*
COVID-19/*prevention & control
Epidemics/*prevention & control
Health Services Accessibility/*statistics & numerical data
Income/*statistics & numerical data
Adult ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Prospective Studies ; Rural Population/statistics & numerical data ; South Africa/epidemiology ; Surveys and Questionnaires
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References:
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Grant Information:
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United Kingdom WT_ Wellcome Trust; K08 AI118538 United States AI NIAID NIH HHS; R01 AI124389 United States AI NIAID NIH HHS; R21 TW011687 United States TW FIC NIH HHS
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Contributed Indexing:
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Keywords: COVID-19; South Africa; behaviour change; economic well-being; health care access; health knowledge; mental health; nonpharmaceutical interventions; surveillance
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Entry Date(s):
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Date Created: 20210407 Date Completed: 20210519 Latest Revision: 20231027
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Update Code:
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20240104
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PubMed Central ID:
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PMC8121138
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DOI:
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10.2196/26073
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PMID:
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33827046
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Background: In March 2020, South Africa implemented strict nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to contain the spread of COVID-19. Over the subsequent 5 months, NPI policies were eased in stages according to a national strategy. COVID-19 spread throughout the country heterogeneously; the disease reached rural areas by July and case numbers peaked from July to August. A second COVID-19 wave began in late 2020. Data on the impact of NPI policies on social and economic well-being and access to health care are limited.
Objective: We aimed to determine how rural residents in three South African provinces changed their behaviors during the first COVID-19 epidemic wave.
Methods: The South African Population Research Infrastructure Network nodes in the Mpumalanga (Agincourt), KwaZulu-Natal, (Africa Health Research Institute) and Limpopo (Dikgale-Mamabolo-Mothiba) provinces conducted up to 14 rounds of longitudinal telephone surveys among randomly sampled households from rural and periurban surveillance populations every 2-3 weeks. Interviews included questions on the following topics: COVID-19-related knowledge and behaviors, the health and economic impacts of NPIs, and mental health. We analyzed how responses varied based on NPI stringency and household sociodemographics.
Results: In total, 5120 households completed 23,095 interviews between April and December 2020. Respondents' self-reported satisfaction with their COVID-19-related knowledge and face mask use rapidly rose to 85% and 95%, respectively, by August. As selected NPIs were eased, the amount of travel increased, economic losses were reduced, and the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms fell. When the number of COVID-19 cases spiked at one node in July, the amount of travel dropped rapidly and the rate of missed daily medications doubled. Households where more adults received government-funded old-age pensions reported concerns about economic matters and medication access less often.
Conclusions: South Africans complied with stringent, COVID-19-related NPIs despite the threat of substantial social, economic, and health repercussions. Government-supported social welfare programs appeared to buffer interruptions in income and health care access during local outbreaks. Epidemic control policies must be balanced against the broader well-being of people in resource-limited settings and designed with parallel support systems when such policies threaten peoples' income and access to basic services.
(©Guy Harling, Francesc Xavier Gómez-Olivé, Joseph Tlouyamma, Tinofa Mutevedzi, Chodziwadziwa Whiteson Kabudula, Ruth Mahlako, Urisha Singh, Daniel Ohene-Kwofie, Rose Buckland, Pedzisai Ndagurwa, Dickman Gareta, Resign Gunda, Thobeka Mngomezulu, Siyabonga Nxumalo, Emily B Wong, Kathleen Kahn, Mark J Siedner, Eric Maimela, Stephen Tollman, Mark Collinson, Kobus Herbst. Originally published in JMIR Public Health and Surveillance (https://publichealth.jmir.org), 13.05.2021.)
Update of: medRxiv. 2020 Nov 15;:. (PMID: 33200146)
