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Tytuł pozycji:

Insights into the genome architecture and evolution of Shiga toxin encoding bacteriophages of Escherichia coli.

Tytuł:
Insights into the genome architecture and evolution of Shiga toxin encoding bacteriophages of Escherichia coli.
Autorzy:
Pinto G; CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.; INIAV, IP-National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinary Research, Rua dos Lagidos, Lugar da Madalena, Vairão, Vila do Conde, Portugal.
Sampaio M; CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
Dias O; CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
Almeida C; INIAV, IP-National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinary Research, Rua dos Lagidos, Lugar da Madalena, Vairão, Vila do Conde, Portugal.
Azeredo J; CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal. .
Oliveira H; CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal. .
Źródło:
BMC genomics [BMC Genomics] 2021 May 19; Vol. 22 (1), pp. 366. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 May 19.
Typ publikacji:
Journal Article
Język:
English
Imprint Name(s):
Original Publication: London : BioMed Central, [2000-
MeSH Terms:
Bacteriophages*/genetics
Shiga-Toxigenic Escherichia coli*/genetics
Lysogeny/genetics ; Shiga Toxin/genetics ; Shiga Toxin 2/genetics
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Grant Information:
UIDB/04469/2020 Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia; PhageSTEC PTDC/CVT-CVT/29628/2017 [POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029628] Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia; SFRH/BD/117365/2016 Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
Contributed Indexing:
Keywords: Clusters; Genomes; STEC; Shiga toxin-encoding bacteriophages
Substance Nomenclature:
0 (Shiga Toxin 2)
75757-64-1 (Shiga Toxin)
Entry Date(s):
Date Created: 20210520 Date Completed: 20210521 Latest Revision: 20210523
Update Code:
20240104
PubMed Central ID:
PMC8136144
DOI:
10.1186/s12864-021-07685-0
PMID:
34011288
Czasopismo naukowe
Background: A total of 179 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) complete genomes were analyzed in terms of serotypes, prophage coding regions, and stx gene variants and their distribution. We further examined the genetic diversity of Stx-converting phage genomes (Stx phages), focusing on the lysis-lysogeny decision and lytic cassettes.
Results: We show that most STEC isolates belong to non-O157 serotypes (73 %), regardless the sources and geographical regions. While the majority of STEC genomes contain a single stx gene (61 %), strains containing two (35 %), three (3 %) and four (1 %) stx genes were also found, being stx2 the most prevalent gene variant. Their location is exclusively found in intact prophage regions, indicating that they are phage-borne. We further demonstrate that Stx phages can be grouped into four clusters (A, B, C and D), three subclusters (A1, A2 and A3) and one singleton, based on their shared gene content. This cluster distribution is in good agreement with their predicted virion morphologies. Stx phage genomes are highly diverse with a vast number of 1,838 gene phamilies (phams) of related sequences (of which 677 are orphams i.e. unique genes) and, although having high mosaicism, they are generally organized into three major transcripts. While the mechanisms that guide lysis-lysogeny decision are complex, there is a strong selective pressure to maintain the stx genes location close to the lytic cassette composed of predicted SAR-endolysin and pin-holin lytic proteins. The evolution of STEC Stx phages seems to be strongly related to acquiring genetic material, probably from horizontal gene transfer events.
Conclusions: This work provides novel insights on the genetic structure of Stx phages, showing a high genetic diversity throughout the genomes, where the various lysis-lysogeny regulatory systems are in contrast with an uncommon, but conserved, lytic system always adjacent to stx genes.
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