-
Tytuł:
-
Role of nonspherical DLVO and capillary forces in the transport of 2D delaminated Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene in saturated and unsaturated porous media.
-
Autorzy:
-
Zhou D; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Synergetic Control and Joint Remediation for Soil & Water Pollution, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China.
Sun T; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Synergetic Control and Joint Remediation for Soil & Water Pollution, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China.
Huang Y; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Synergetic Control and Joint Remediation for Soil & Water Pollution, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China; State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China. Electronic address: .
Chen X; College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China.
Shang J; Department of Soil and Water Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
-
Źródło:
-
Environmental research [Environ Res] 2021 Sep; Vol. 200, pp. 111451. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jun 05.
-
Typ publikacji:
-
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
-
Język:
-
English
-
Imprint Name(s):
-
Publication: <2000- > : Amsterdam : Elsevier
Original Publication: New York, Academic Press.
-
MeSH Terms:
-
Colloids*
Titanium*
Kinetics ; Osmolar Concentration ; Porosity
-
Contributed Indexing:
-
Keywords: Air-water-interface; Capillary potential energy; Modified DLVO theory; Sand-water-interface; Ti(3)C(2)T(x) MXene
-
Substance Nomenclature:
-
0 (Colloids)
D1JT611TNE (Titanium)
-
Entry Date(s):
-
Date Created: 20210608 Date Completed: 20210906 Latest Revision: 20210906
-
Update Code:
-
20240104
-
DOI:
-
10.1016/j.envres.2021.111451
-
PMID:
-
34102160
-
The transport and retention of two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, such as graphene oxide, in porous media have attracted lots of attention. However, previous studies often simplified these 2D colloids as equivalent spheres for numerical simulations, which ignored the influence of particle shape on colloid retention at multiple interfaces. In this study, a novel 2D nanomaterial delaminated Ti 3 C 2 T x (d-Ti 3 C 2 T x ) was adopted to fill this knowledge gap. Comprehensive analyses of the 2D colloid retention mechanisms were conducted based on colloid characterization, saturated and unsaturated column experiments, reactive transport modeling, 2D-based DLVO and nonspherical capillary energy simulations. Results show that d-Ti 3 C 2 T x mobility in both saturated and unsaturated conditions enhanced with the increase in pH and decrease in ionic strength. The DLVO interaction energy of d-Ti 3 C 2 T x at the sand-water-interface (SWI) decreased with the orientation angle of the colloidal major axis to the sand surface from 0° to 90°. The primary mechanism under saturated flow conditions was the irreversible attachment in the deep secondary minimum at the SWI with the major axis of d-Ti 3 C 2 T x parallel to the sand surface. The attachment in the primary minimum at 0° was impossible due to the extremely high energy barrier, and the attachment in the primary and secondary minimum at other orientation angles were negligible. d-Ti 3 C 2 T x only experienced repulsive electrostatic force when approaching the air-water-interface (AWI) no matter the particle orientation. The detaching capillary potential energy was 3 orders of magnitude larger than the attractive DLVO interaction energy of the SWI in the secondary minimum at 0°, suggesting that the capillary force-induced irreversible attachment at the AWI was the primary mechanism under unsaturated flow conditions. This study shows that the DLVO and capillary potential energies were significantly dependent on the particle-interface orientation and colloidal shape. A simplification of 2D colloids as spheres is not recommended.
(Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
