Empirical and Earth system model estimates of boreal nitrogen fixation often differ: A pathway toward reconciliation.

Szczegóły
Abstrakt

Tytuł:: Empirical and Earth system model estimates of boreal nitrogen fixation often differ: A pathway toward reconciliation.
Autorzy:: Hupperts SF; Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden.
Gerber S; Soil and Water Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Nilsson MC; Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden.
Gundale MJ; Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden.
Źródło:: Global change biology [Glob Chang Biol] 2021 Nov; Vol. 27 (22), pp. 5711-5725. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Aug 21.
Typ publikacji:: Journal Article; Review
Język:: English
Imprint Name(s):: Publication: : Oxford : Blackwell Pub.
Original Publication: Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, 1995-
MeSH Terms:: Bryophyta*
Nitrogen Fixation*
Earth, Planet ; Ecosystem ; Nitrogen
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Contributed Indexing:: Keywords: Earth system model; boreal; bryophyte; diazotroph; elevated CO2; nitrogen deposition; nitrogen fixation; nonvascular
Substance Nomenclature:: N762921K75 (Nitrogen)
Entry Date(s):: Date Created: 20210812 Date Completed: 20211101 Latest Revision: 20211101
Update Code:: 20240105
DOI:: 10.1111/gcb.15836
PMID:: 34382301
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The impacts of global environmental change on productivity in northern latitudes will be contingent on nitrogen (N) availability. In circumpolar boreal ecosystems, nonvascular plants (i.e., bryophytes) and associated N 2 -fixing diazotrophs provide one of the largest known N inputs but are rarely accounted for in Earth system models. Instead, most models link N 2 -fixation with the functioning of vascular plants. Neglecting nonvascular N 2 -fixation may be contributing toward high uncertainty that currently hinders model predictions in northern latitudes, where nonvascular N 2 -fixing plants are more common. Adequately accounting for nonvascular N 2 -fixation and its drivers could subsequently improve predictions of future N availability and ultimately, productivity, in northern latitudes. Here, we review empirical evidence of boreal nonvascular N 2 -fixation responses to global change factors (elevated CO 2 , N deposition, warming, precipitation, and shading by vascular plants), and compare empirical findings with model predictions of N 2 -fixation using nine Earth system models. The majority of empirical studies found positive effects of CO 2 , warming, precipitation, or light on nonvascular N 2 -fixation, but N deposition strongly downregulated N 2 -fixation in most empirical studies. Furthermore, we found that the responses of N 2 -fixation to elevated CO 2 were generally consistent between models and very limited empirical data. In contrast, empirical-model comparisons suggest that all models we assessed, and particularly those that scale N 2 -fixation with net primary productivity or evapotranspiration, may be overestimating N 2 -fixation under increasing N deposition. Overestimations could generate erroneous predictions of future N stocks in boreal ecosystems unless models adequately account for the drivers of nonvascular N 2 -fixation. Based on our comparisons, we recommend that models explicitly treat nonvascular N 2 -fixation and that field studies include more targeted measurements to improve model structures and parameterization.
(© 2021 The Authors. Global Change Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

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