-
Tytuł:
-
Experiences of social stigma among patients tested positive for COVID-19 and their family members: a qualitative study.
-
Autorzy:
-
Chew CC; Clinical Research Centre, Hospital Raja Permaisuri Bainun, Ipoh, Ministry of Health, Malaysia, Bainun, Level 4, Ambulatory Care Centre (ACC), Jalan Raja Ashman Shah, 30450, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia.
Lim XJ; Clinical Research Centre, Hospital Raja Permaisuri Bainun, Ipoh, Ministry of Health, Malaysia, Bainun, Level 4, Ambulatory Care Centre (ACC), Jalan Raja Ashman Shah, 30450, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia.
Chang CT; Clinical Research Centre, Hospital Raja Permaisuri Bainun, Ipoh, Ministry of Health, Malaysia, Bainun, Level 4, Ambulatory Care Centre (ACC), Jalan Raja Ashman Shah, 30450, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia. .
Rajan P; Clinical Research Centre, Hospital Raja Permaisuri Bainun, Ipoh, Ministry of Health, Malaysia, Bainun, Level 4, Ambulatory Care Centre (ACC), Jalan Raja Ashman Shah, 30450, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia.; Otolaryngology Department, Raja Permaisuri Bainun Hospital, Ministry of Health, Ipoh, Malaysia.
Nasir N; Hospital Raja Permaisuri Bainun, Ministry of Health, Ipoh, Malaysia.
Low WY; Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
-
Źródło:
-
BMC public health [BMC Public Health] 2021 Sep 06; Vol. 21 (1), pp. 1623. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Sep 06.
-
Typ publikacji:
-
Journal Article
-
Język:
-
English
-
Imprint Name(s):
-
Original Publication: London : BioMed Central, [2001-
-
MeSH Terms:
-
COVID-19*
Social Stigma*
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Family ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Qualitative Research ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Young Adult
-
References:
-
PLoS One. 2015 Dec 10;10(12):e0143749. (PMID: 26658767)
Glob Public Health. 2015 Oct;10(9):1032-45. (PMID: 25642919)
J Clin Nurs. 2017 Dec;26(23-24):4813-4821. (PMID: 28370819)
BMC Med. 2019 Feb 15;17(1):25. (PMID: 30764806)
AIDS Behav. 2020 Jul;24(7):2003-2006. (PMID: 32266502)
Emerg Infect Dis. 2004 Feb;10(2):358-63. (PMID: 15030713)
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2011 Sep;42(5):1119-29. (PMID: 22299438)
AIDS Behav. 2015 Feb;19(2):246-56. (PMID: 25382350)
Prim Health Care Res Dev. 2015 Nov;16(6):618-22. (PMID: 25660904)
J Int AIDS Soc. 2013 Nov 13;16(3 Suppl 2):18710. (PMID: 24242261)
AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2009 Aug;23(8):611-7. (PMID: 19591607)
AIDS Care. 2011 Jun;23(6):680-5. (PMID: 21360358)
BMC Med. 2019 Feb 15;17(1):40. (PMID: 30767765)
Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2019 Dec;13(5-6):989-994. (PMID: 31156079)
J R Soc Med. 2013 Oct;106(10):399-407. (PMID: 23759884)
AIDS Behav. 2014 Jun;18(6):1054-62. (PMID: 24158487)
AIDS Care. 2018 Jun;30(6):722-726. (PMID: 29278924)
BMC Med. 2019 Feb 15;17(1):17. (PMID: 30764819)
Afr J Reprod Health. 2019 Mar;23(1):88-99. (PMID: 31034175)
J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care. 2017 May/Jun;16(3):226-232. (PMID: 25656862)
Health Expect. 2015 Dec;18(6):2841-52. (PMID: 25228140)
J Infect Dis. 2008 Feb 15;197 Suppl 1:S34-S7. (PMID: 18269326)
BMC Infect Dis. 2020 Feb 6;20(1):106. (PMID: 32028895)
BMC Med. 2019 Feb 15;17(1):31. (PMID: 30764826)
Aging Ment Health. 2005 Mar;9(2):105-18. (PMID: 15804627)
-
Contributed Indexing:
-
Keywords: COVID-19; Disclosure; Family; Patients; Social stigma; Telephone interview
-
Entry Date(s):
-
Date Created: 20210907 Date Completed: 20210909 Latest Revision: 20210910
-
Update Code:
-
20240105
-
PubMed Central ID:
-
PMC8419662
-
DOI:
-
10.1186/s12889-021-11679-8
-
PMID:
-
34488693
-
Background: Social stigma against persons infected with COVID-19 is not uncommon. This qualitative study aimed to explore the experience of social stigma among COVID-19 positive patients and their family members.
Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted between April to June 2020 in Malaysia. Patients who have recovered from COVID-19 for at least 1 month and their family members who were tested with negative results, Malaysian and aged 18-65 years old were purposively sampled. Cold call method was employed to recruit patients while their family members were recruited by their recommendations. Telephone interviews were conducted with the participants after obtaining their verbal consent.
Results: A total of 18 participants took part in this study. Three themes emerged from the interviews: (Ι) experience of stigmatization, (ΙΙ) perspective on disease disclosure, and (ΙΙΙ) suggestion on coping and reducing stigma. The participants expressed their experiences of being isolated, labelled, and blamed by the people surrounding them including the health care providers, neighbours, and staff at the service counters. Some respondents expressed their willingness to share their experience with others by emphasizing the importance of taking preventive measure in order to stop the chain of virus transmission and some of them chose to disclose this medical history for official purpose because of fear and lack of understanding among the public. As suggested by the respondents, the approaches in addressing social stigma require the involvement of the government, the public, health care provider, and religious leader.
Conclusion: Individuals recovered from COVID-19 and their families experienced social stigma. Fear and lack of public understanding of the COVID-19 disease were the key factors for non-disclosure. Some expressed their willingness to share their experience as they perceived it as method to increase public awareness and thereby reducing social stigma. Multifaceted approaches with the involvement of multiple parties including the government, non-governmental organization as well as the general public were recommended as important measures to address the issues of social stigma.
(© 2021. The Author(s).)
