Pharmacokinetic profiles of three dose rates of morphine sulfate following single intravenous, intramuscular, and subcutaneous administration in the goat.

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Tytuł:: Pharmacokinetic profiles of three dose rates of morphine sulfate following single intravenous, intramuscular, and subcutaneous administration in the goat.
Autorzy:: Gordon E; School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, University of New Zealand, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
Dirikolu L; Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA.
Liu CC; Department of Veterinary Clinical Services, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA.
Ulanov AV; Metabolomics Lab, Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
Li Z; Metabolomics Lab, Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
Welborn M; Department of Veterinary Clinical Services, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA.
Armstrong C; Department of Veterinary Clinical Services, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA.
Vallotton D; Department of Veterinary Clinical Services, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA.
Keeton S; Department of Veterinary Clinical Services, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA.
Camlic S; Department of Veterinary Clinical Services, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA.
Scully CM; Department of Veterinary Clinical Services, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA.
Źródło:: Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics [J Vet Pharmacol Ther] 2022 Jan; Vol. 45 (1), pp. 107-116. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Sep 07.
Typ publikacji:: Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial, Veterinary
Język:: English
Imprint Name(s):: Original Publication: Oxford, Blackwell Scientific Publications.
MeSH Terms:: Analgesia*/veterinary
Morphine*
Animals ; Administration, Intravenous/veterinary ; Area Under Curve ; Biological Availability ; Cross-Over Studies ; Goats ; Half-Life ; Injections, Intramuscular/veterinary
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Grant Information:: Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine Corp Grant (Partial Funder)
Contributed Indexing:: Keywords: analgesia; goat; morphine; pain; pharmacokinetics
Substance Nomenclature:: 76I7G6D29C (Morphine)
Entry Date(s):: Date Created: 20210908 Date Completed: 20230927 Latest Revision: 20230927
Update Code:: 20240105
DOI:: 10.1111/jvp.13011
PMID:: 34494277
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This study aimed to evaluate pharmacokinetic profiles of morphine in goats following a single dose administered intravenously, intramuscularly, or subcutaneously at 0.1 mg/kg, 0.25 mg/kg, and 0.4 mg/kg. Study population included eight healthy adult goats in a randomized cross-over study. Serial plasma samples were collected and morphine was quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Data fit a two-compartment model following intravenous administration and a non-compartmental model following both intramuscular and subcutaneous administration. Plasma elimination half-life was 2.88 ± 1.13 h (0.1 mg/kg), 2.30 ± 0.49 h (0.25 mg/kg), and 2.67 ± 0.82 h (0.4 mg/kg) following IV morphine. Intramuscular C max values were 13.4 ± 2.77 ng/ml (0.1 mg/kg), 34 ± 11.50 ng/ml (0.25 mg/kg), and 68.9 ± 24.5 ng/ml (0.4 mg/kg). Intramuscular T max f(h) or IM dosing (in hrs) was 0.19 ± 0.14 (0.1 mg/kg), 0.24 ± 0.24 (0.25 mg/kg), and 0.21 ± 0.24 (0.4 mg/kg). Subcutaneous C max values were 9.88 ± 3.31 ng/ml (0.1 mg/kg), 28.5 ± 11.6 ng/ml (0.25 mg/kg), and 39.4 ± 14.3 ng/ml (0.4 mg/kg). Subcutaneous T max (h) values for SC dosing were 0.36 ± 0.21 (0.1 mg/kg), 0.31 ± 0.17 (0.25 mg/kg), and 0.4 ± 0.13 (0.4 mg/kg). Intramuscular bioavailability values were 153.77 ± 12.60% (0.4 mg/kg), 104.8 ± 25.12% (0.25 mg/kg), and 100.7 ± 29.57% (0.1 mg/kg). Subcutaneous bioavailability values were 130.58 ± 19.07% (0.4 mg/kg), 116.6 ± 27.03% (0.25 mg/kg), and 111.6 ± 23.24% (0.1 mg/kg). No adverse effects were observed. Assuming plasma concentration required to induce analgesia is 16 ± 9 ng/ml in goats, as demonstrated in humans, it is suggested to administer morphine intramuscularly at 0.4 mg/kg every 3-4 h or SC every 2-3 h. This is a speculative conclusion therefore further studies evaluating pharmacodynamics and plasma analgesic threshold in goats is recommended.
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