Artificial size selection experiment reveals telomere length dynamics and fitness consequences in a wild passerine.

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Abstrakt

Tytuł:: Artificial size selection experiment reveals telomere length dynamics and fitness consequences in a wild passerine.
Autorzy:: Pepke ML; Department of Biology, Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics (CBD), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.
Kvalnes T; Department of Biology, Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics (CBD), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.
Rønning B; Department of Biology, Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics (CBD), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.
Jensen H; Department of Biology, Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics (CBD), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.
Boner W; Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine (IBAHCM), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Saether BE; Department of Biology, Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics (CBD), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.
Monaghan P; Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine (IBAHCM), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Ringsby TH; Department of Biology, Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics (CBD), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.
Źródło:: Molecular ecology [Mol Ecol] 2022 Dec; Vol. 31 (23), pp. 6224-6238. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jan 27.
Typ publikacji:: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Język:: English
Imprint Name(s):: Original Publication: Oxford, UK : Blackwell Scientific Publications, c1992-
MeSH Terms:: Longevity*/genetics
Passeriformes*/genetics
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Animals ; Selection, Genetic ; Telomere ; Telomere Shortening/genetics
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Contributed Indexing:: Keywords: artificial selection; body size; individual fitness; life-history trade-off; longevity; telomere biology
Local Abstract: [Publisher, Danish] Telomerdynamik kan ligge bag afvejninger mellem livshistorietraek såsom vaekst, kropsstørrelse og livslaengde, men vores evne til at kvantificere sådanne processer i naturlige, umanipulerede bestande er begraenset. Vi har undersøgt hvorledes 4 års kunstig selektion for enten større eller mindre tarsuslaengde, et estimat for kropsstørrelse, påvirkede telomerlaengden (TL) i det tidlige liv, samt overlevelses- og formeringsevner, i to øbestande af vilde gråspurve over en periode på 11 år. Vores forventning var, at den kunstige selektion ville skubbe bestandene vaek fra deres optimale kropsstørrelse og øge den faenotypiske varians i kropsstørrelse. Kunstig selektion for større individer forårsagde en reduktion i TL, men der var begraenset evidens for en øgning i TL når vi selekterede for mindre individer. Der var en negativ korrelation mellem fugleungernes TL og tarsuslaengde under begge selektionsregimer. Hanner havde laengere telomerer end hunner og der var en negativ effekt af ugunstige vejrforhold på TL. Dernaest undersøgte vi om aendringer i TL kunne underbygge effekter på overlevelses- og formeringsevner som følge af afvigelsen fra den optimale kropsstørrelse. Analyser af dødeligheden indikerede disruptiv selektion på TL fordi både korte og lange telomerer i det tidlige liv viste tendens til at vaere associeret med de laveste dødelighedsrater. Derudover var der en tendens til en negativ sammenhaeng mellem TL og årlig reproduktiv succes, men kun i bestanden hvor kropsstørrelse var øget eksperimentelt. Vores resultater antyder, at naturlig selektion for optimal kropsstørrelse i vildtlevende dyr kan vaere associeret med aendringer i TL (i løbet af vaekstperioden), som er kendt for at vaere forbundet med levetid hos nogle fuglearter.
SCR Organism:: Passer domesticus
Entry Date(s):: Date Created: 20220108 Date Completed: 20230130 Latest Revision: 20230209
Update Code:: 20240104
DOI:: 10.1111/mec.16340
PMID:: 34997994
: Czasopismo naukowe

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Telomere dynamics could underlie life-history trade-offs among growth, size and longevity, but our ability to quantify such processes in natural, unmanipulated populations is limited. We investigated how 4 years of artificial selection for either larger or smaller tarsus length, a proxy for body size, affected early-life telomere length (TL) and several components of fitness in two insular populations of wild house sparrows over a study period of 11 years. The artificial selection was expected to shift the populations away from their optimal body size and increase the phenotypic variance in body size. Artificial selection for larger individuals caused TL to decrease, but there was little evidence that TL increased when selecting for smaller individuals. There was a negative correlation between nestling TL and tarsus length under both selection regimes. Males had longer telomeres than females and there was a negative effect of harsh weather on TL. We then investigated whether changes in TL might underpin fitness effects due to the deviation from the optimal body size. Mortality analyses indicated disruptive selection on TL because both short and long early-life telomeres tended to be associated with the lowest mortality rates. In addition, there was a tendency for a negative association between TL and annual reproductive success, but only in the population where body size was increased experimentally. Our results suggest that natural selection for optimal body size in the wild may be associated with changes in TL during growth, which is known to be linked to longevity in some bird species.
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