-
Tytuł:
-
Occurrence and human health risk assessment of mineral elements and pesticides residues in bee pollen.
-
Autorzy:
-
Zafeiraki E; Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Laboratory of Pesticides' Toxicology, 8 St. Delta Street, Athens, Kifissia, 14561, Greece. Electronic address: .
Kasiotis KM; Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Laboratory of Pesticides' Toxicology, 8 St. Delta Street, Athens, Kifissia, 14561, Greece. Electronic address: .
Nisianakis P; Athens Analysis Laboratories, Chemical Laboratory, El. Venizelou 127 & Alikarnassou 31 Str, Nea Ionia, 14231, Greece.
Manea-Karga E; Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Laboratory of Pesticides' Toxicology, 8 St. Delta Street, Athens, Kifissia, 14561, Greece.
Machera K; Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Laboratory of Pesticides' Toxicology, 8 St. Delta Street, Athens, Kifissia, 14561, Greece. Electronic address: .
-
Źródło:
-
Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association [Food Chem Toxicol] 2022 Mar; Vol. 161, pp. 112826. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jan 19.
-
Typ publikacji:
-
Journal Article
-
Język:
-
English
-
Imprint Name(s):
-
Publication: Exeter : Elsevier Science Ltd
Original Publication: Oxford ; New York : Pergamon Press, c1982-
-
MeSH Terms:
-
Minerals/*toxicity
Pesticide Residues/*toxicity
Pesticides/*toxicity
Pollen/*chemistry
Animals ; Bees ; Environmental Monitoring/methods ; Food Analysis ; Food Contamination ; Humans ; Minerals/chemistry ; Pesticide Residues/chemistry ; Pesticides/chemistry ; Risk Factors
-
Contributed Indexing:
-
Keywords: Human health; Pesticide residues; Pollen; Risk assessment; Trace and macro elements
-
Substance Nomenclature:
-
0 (Minerals)
0 (Pesticide Residues)
0 (Pesticides)
-
Entry Date(s):
-
Date Created: 20220122 Date Completed: 20220316 Latest Revision: 20220316
-
Update Code:
-
20240105
-
DOI:
-
10.1016/j.fct.2022.112826
-
PMID:
-
35063474
-
Bee pollen contains a diversity of bioactive components. Nevertheless, since pollen is retrieved from a variety of plants, including the cultivated ones which are subjected to agrochemical treatments, its contamination is unavoidable. In this context, 45 samples of pollen were analysed with optimized analytical methods for trace and macro elements (ICP-MS), pesticides and metabolites residues (LC & GC-MS/MS) content. According to the results, potassium and iron were the most abundant in terms of concentration and frequency of detection, while the contribution of the most hazardous elements, such as lead, arsenic, cadmium and mercury, to the total concentration of trace elements was lower than 1%. For pesticides, coumaphos was the most frequently detected in the examined samples (22%), followed by propargite, azoxystrobin, dimethoate and cypermethrin. Non-carcinogenic health risk assessment demonstrated in the majority of cases negligible risk for adults and children. On the contrary, carcinogenic risk assessment considering a worst case scenario disclosed nickel and in less extent chromium and arsenic, as risk drivers, exhibiting in several samples carcinogenic risk values for adults above the safety threshold. Yet, regarding that both adults and children unlikely will daily consume such pollen quantities, especially on a long-term basis, an overestimation of risk should be appraised.
(Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
