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Tytuł:
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Secretory Products in Petals of Centaurea cyanus L. Flowers: A Histochemistry, Ultrastructure, and Phytochemical Study of Volatile Compounds.
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Autorzy:
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Sulborska-Różycka A; Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, University of Life Sciences, Akademicka 15, 20-950 Lublin, Poland.
Weryszko-Chmielewska E; Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, University of Life Sciences, Akademicka 15, 20-950 Lublin, Poland.
Polak B; Department of Physical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4 A, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
Stefańczyk B; Department of Physical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4 A, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
Matysik-Woźniak A; Department of General Ophthalmology, Medical University of Lublin, Chmielna 1, 20-079 Lublin, Poland.
Rejdak R; Department of General Ophthalmology, Medical University of Lublin, Chmielna 1, 20-079 Lublin, Poland.
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Źródło:
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Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) [Molecules] 2022 Feb 17; Vol. 27 (4). Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Feb 17.
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Typ publikacji:
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Journal Article
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Język:
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English
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Imprint Name(s):
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Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI, c1995-
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MeSH Terms:
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Centaurea/*chemistry
Flowers/*chemistry
Flowers/*cytology
Flowers/*ultrastructure
Phytochemicals/*chemistry
Volatile Organic Compounds/*chemistry
Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Histocytochemistry ; Molecular Structure ; Phenotype ; Phytochemicals/analysis ; Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis
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References:
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Grant Information:
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project DS 180 Medical University of Lublin
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Contributed Indexing:
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Keywords: cornflower; cuticular pattern; localization of secretion; ray florets; sesquiterpenes; volatile compounds
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Substance Nomenclature:
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0 (Phytochemicals)
0 (Volatile Organic Compounds)
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SCR Organism:
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Centaurea cyanus
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Entry Date(s):
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Date Created: 20220225 Date Completed: 20220304 Latest Revision: 20220304
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Update Code:
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20240104
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PubMed Central ID:
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PMC8877098
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DOI:
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10.3390/molecules27041371
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PMID:
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35209163
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(1) Background: Centaurea cyanus L. is a medicinal plant whose flowers are widely used in herbal medicine. The aim of the study was to localise flower tissues that are responsible for the production of secretory products in petals and to analyse the volatile compounds. The volatile compounds of the flowers of this species have not been investigated to date. (2) Methods: Light, fluorescence, scanning and transmission electron microscopy techniques were used in the study. Lipophilic compounds were localised in the tissues using histochemical assays. Volatile compounds were determined with the use of solid phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). (3) Results: The study showed production of secretion in the petal parenchyma, whose ultrastructure has features of a secretory tissue. The lipophilic secretion was localised in the cells and intercellular spaces of the parenchyma and in the walls and surface of epidermal cells, where it accumulated after release through cuticle microchannels. Sesquiterpenes were found to constitute the main group of volatile compounds, with the highest content of β-caryophyllene (26.17%) and α-humulene (9.77%). (4) Conclusions: Given the presence of some volatile components that are often found in resins (caryophyllene, delta-cadinene) and the abundant secretion residues on the epidermal surface, we suppose that the C. cyanus secretion released by the flowers is a resinaceous mixture (oleoresin), which is frequently found in plants, as shown by literature data. This secretion may play an important role in the therapeutic effects of C. cyanus flowers.
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