Magnetic resonance imaging of the cranial nerves in infectious, neoplastic, and demyelinating diseases, as well as other inflammatory diseases: a pictorial essay.

Szczegóły
Abstrakt

Tytuł:: Magnetic resonance imaging of the cranial nerves in infectious, neoplastic, and demyelinating diseases, as well as other inflammatory diseases: a pictorial essay.
Autorzy:: Dalaqua M; Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Service de Radiologie, Genève, Switzerland.
do Nascimento FBP; Imaging Department, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Miura LK; Department of Radiology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Garcia MRT; Diagnósticos da América S/A (DASA), Barueri, SP, Brazil.
Barbosa Junior AA; Imaging Department, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Reis F; Department of Radiology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Źródło:: Radiologia brasileira [Radiol Bras] 2022 Jan-Feb; Vol. 55 (1), pp. 38-46.
Typ publikacji:: Journal Article
Język:: English
Imprint Name(s):: Original Publication: Rio De Janeiro : Colegio Brasileiro De Radiologia
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Contributed Indexing:: Keywords: Cranial nerve diseases/diagnostic imaging; Cranial nerves/physiopathology; Demyelinating diseases/diagnostic imaging; Magnetic resonance imaging/methods
Local Abstract: [Publisher, Portuguese] Os nervos cranianos, que representam extensões das estruturas funcionais do cérebro, atravessam a cabeça e o pescoço. Eles estão conectados a várias estruturas cranianas e estão associados a várias doenças. Uma compreensão profunda de sua complexa anatomia e aparência normal por imagem permite ao examinador identificar e caracterizar as anormalidades com maior precisão. Uma ferramenta importante para avaliar os nervos cranianos é a ressonância magnética com contraste, especialmente as sequências tridimensionais steady-state free precession , que proporcionam alta resolução espacial e de partes moles, apesar da fina espessura dos nervos. Na maioria dos casos, os achados radiológicos não são específicos. Para estreitar o diagnóstico diferencial é necessário fazer uma anamnese completa do paciente, realizar um exame físico dirigido e solicitar testes laboratoriais. Neste ensaio iconográfico revisamos, ilustramos e discutimos, sob uma perspectiva fisiopatológica, os distúrbios infecciosos, neoplásicos, inflamatórios e desmielinizantes, visando a ser uma referência prática e tangível para a prática diária dos radiologistas.
Entry Date(s):: Date Created: 20220225 Latest Revision: 20220226
Update Code:: 20221216
PubMed Central ID:: PMC8864690
DOI:: 10.1590/0100-3984.2021.0042
PMID:: 35210663
: Czasopismo naukowe

Pełny tekst

The cranial nerves, which represent extensions of the functional structures of the brain, traverse the head and neck. They are connected to various cranial structures and are associated with several diseases. An in-depth understanding of their complex anatomy and normal imaging appearance allows the examiner to identify and characterize abnormalities with greater precision. One important tool for evaluating the cranial nerves is contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, especially that employing three-dimensional steady-state free precession sequences, which provide high soft-tissue and spatial resolution, despite the slen-derness of the nerves. In most cases of cranial nerve abnormalities, the imaging findings are nonspecific. Therefore, to narrow the differential diagnosis, it is necessary to take a full patient history, perform a focused physical examination, and order laboratory tests. In this pictorial essay, we review, illustrate, and discuss, from a pathophysiological perspective, infectious, neoplastic, and demyelinating disorders, as well as other inflammatory disorders, affecting the cranial nerves, the aim being to provide a practical, tangible reference for radiologists to use in daily practice.

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