Urine washing in urban robust capuchin monkeys (Sapajus sp.): The relation with visitors.

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Tytuł:: Urine washing in urban robust capuchin monkeys (Sapajus sp.): The relation with visitors.
Autorzy:: Reyes PD; IADIZA-CONICET, Av. Ruiz Leal s/n, Parque General San Martín, Mendoza, Argentina.
Baldovino MC; Instituto de Biología Subtropical-CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Puerto Iguazú, Argentina.; Asociación Civil Centro de Investigaciones del Bosque Atlántico, Puerto Iguazú, Argentina.
Aguiar LM; Departamento de Zoologia, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil.; Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade Neotropical, Intituto Latino-americano de Ciências da Vida e da Natureza, Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana (UNILA), Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil.
Źródło:: American journal of primatology [Am J Primatol] 2022 Jul; Vol. 84 (7), pp. e23381. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Apr 07.
Typ publikacji:: Journal Article
Język:: English
Imprint Name(s):: Publication: New York : Wiley-Blackwell
Original Publication: New York : Liss, c1981-
MeSH Terms:: Cebus*
Sapajus*
Animals ; Brazil ; Haplorhini ; Humans
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Contributed Indexing:: Keywords: behavioral flexibility; food provisioning; green urban areas; human-monkey interactions; urban wildlife
Entry Date(s):: Date Created: 20220407 Date Completed: 20220725 Latest Revision: 20220728
Update Code:: 20240105
DOI:: 10.1002/ajp.23381
PMID:: 35389525
: Czasopismo naukowe

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In primates, urine washing (UW) is a behavior in which individuals intentionally deposit urine on their bodies. Social and nonsocial hypotheses have been proposed to explain the adaptive function of this behavior. For capuchins, different functions have been assigned for UW, suggesting it as a flexible behavior, but studies have been mainly in captivity. However, no investigations have been performed in urban environments, where these animals can modify their behavior. Our goal was to study UW in a semi-provisioned group of an introduced unknown robust capuchin species (Sapajus sp.) living in a tiny urban fragment in Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil, where they have contact with humans. We assessed the influence of social (sexual, agonistic, and anointing behaviors) and environmental (temperature, relative air humidity, height of the monkeys in the trees, number of people present in the fragment, and human-monkey interactions) variables, the influence of behavior before and after UW, and the influence of sex-age classes, on the frequency of UW. We observed 75 records of UW in 300 h of observations, where urine was mostly deposited on hands and passed on to feet (95%). There were no significant differences in the frequency of the behavior between sex-age classes nor in the behaviors before and after UW. Around 50% of UW took place in the late morning and we found no correlation between UW and temperature, relative air humidity, nor the heights of the monkeys in the trees. However, we found a significant association between UW and the daily number of people in the fragment, but not between UW and human-monkey interactions, anointing, agonisms, and sexual behavior. Our study increases the scope of UW flexibility by identifying the presence of visitors affecting the occurrence of this behavior. We discussed different possibilities through which people could influence the capuchins to display UW.
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