Mental health services in the school environment-Future visions using a phenomenographic approach.

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Tytuł:: Mental health services in the school environment-Future visions using a phenomenographic approach.
Autorzy:: Putkuri T; Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.; Laurea University of Applied Science, Vantaa, Finland.
Lahti M; Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.; Turku University of Applied Science, Turku, Finland.
Laaksonen C; Turku University of Applied Science, Turku, Finland.
Sarvasmaa AS; Finnish Student Health Service, Helsinki, Finland.; Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.
Huttunen R; Department of Education, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Axelin A; Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Źródło:: Journal of clinical nursing [J Clin Nurs] 2023 Jun; Vol. 32 (11-12), pp. 2742-2756. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 May 22.
Typ publikacji:: Journal Article
Język:: English
Imprint Name(s):: Original Publication: Oxford ; Boston : Blackwell Scientific Publications, c1992-
MeSH Terms:: Mental Health Services*/trends
School Health Services*/trends
Mental Disorders*/therapy
Humans ; Schools ; Learning ; School Nursing ; Finland ; Mental Health ; Qualitative Research ; Focus Groups
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Grant Information:: Finnish Cultural Foundation; Zonta International District 20.
Contributed Indexing:: Keywords: mental health; phenomenography; public health nurse; school health care; school nurse
Entry Date(s):: Date Created: 20220523 Date Completed: 20230512 Latest Revision: 20240417
Update Code:: 20240418
DOI:: 10.1111/jocn.16376
PMID:: 35599343
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Aims and Objectives: First, to describe the variation in stakeholders' perceptions related to the desirable mental health services in school environments. Second, to construct alternative future visions based on these perceptions. Finally, to describe stakeholders' perceptions about the actions needed to reach such an ideal state.
Background: The increased need for mental health care has challenged the role of schools and school health care in the area of mental health services for those of school-age. There is a need for future visions and comprehensive statements concerning the mental health services provided in the school environment.
Design: The study was undertaken in Finland, between February 2020 and February 2021. Qualitative individual interviews were conducted with 15 professional stakeholders and focus group interviews with 10 stakeholders advocating for adolescents or parents.
Method: The study was conducted with the phenomenographic approach using a visioning methodology. The study is reported following the COREQ checklist.
Result: Four alternative future visions were formulated based on the perceptions of the stakeholders. They emphasised different aspects: (1) non-medicalising the school environment, (2) early and extensive intervention by school nurses enabled by work distribution with mental health specialists, (3) a multiprofessional team providing help on overall health questions and (4) a focusing of the services on mental disorders. Necessary changes were identified at the micro-, mezzo- and macro-level.
Conclusion: The future visions are based on opposite perceptions related to the mission and focus of school health care. One extreme emphasises overall health promotion for everyone, while the other accentuates treatment for those suffering from mental disorders. The former may lead to inadequate help for mental health problems and the latter insufficient help for other health problems.
Relevance to Clinical Practice: This study contributes alternative future visions, promotes strategic planning and helps to clarify the future role of school nurses.
(© 2022 The Authors. Journal of Clinical Nursing published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

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