Are infections associated with cognitive decline and neuroimaging outcomes? A historical cohort study using data from the UK Biobank study linked to electronic health records.

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Tytuł:: Are infections associated with cognitive decline and neuroimaging outcomes? A historical cohort study using data from the UK Biobank study linked to electronic health records.
Autorzy:: Muzambi R; Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK. .
Bhaskaran K; Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK.
Rentsch CT; Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK.; Section of General Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
Smeeth L; Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK.
Brayne C; Cambridge Institute of Public Health, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK.
Garfield V; MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB, UK.
Williams DM; MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB, UK.; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Chaturvedi N; MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB, UK.
Warren-Gash C; Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK.
Źródło:: Translational psychiatry [Transl Psychiatry] 2022 Sep 15; Vol. 12 (1), pp. 385. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Sep 15.
Typ publikacji:: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Język:: English
Imprint Name(s):: Original Publication: New York, NY : Nature Pub. Group
MeSH Terms:: Cognitive Dysfunction*/diagnostic imaging
Cognitive Dysfunction*/epidemiology
Memory, Episodic*
Biological Specimen Banks ; Cohort Studies ; Electronic Health Records ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neuroimaging ; United Kingdom/epidemiology
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Grant Information:: MC_PC_17228 United Kingdom MRC_ Medical Research Council; MC_UU_00019/2 United Kingdom MRC_ Medical Research Council; MC_UU_00019/1 United Kingdom MRC_ Medical Research Council; 201440/Z/16/Z United Kingdom WT_ Wellcome Trust; MC_UU_00019/3 United Kingdom MRC_ Medical Research Council; 220283/Z/20/Z United Kingdom WT_ Wellcome Trust; MC_QA137853 United Kingdom MRC_ Medical Research Council; 15/0005250 United Kingdom BHF_ British Heart Foundation; MC_UU_00019/4 United Kingdom MRC_ Medical Research Council; 379 (AS-PhD-17-013) United Kingdom ALZS_ Alzheimer's Society; 15/0005250 United Kingdom DUK_ Diabetes UK; United Kingdom WT_ Wellcome Trust
Entry Date(s):: Date Created: 20220915 Date Completed: 20220919 Latest Revision: 20230315
Update Code:: 20240105
PubMed Central ID:: PMC9478085
DOI:: 10.1038/s41398-022-02145-z
PMID:: 36109502
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While there is growing evidence of associations between infections and dementia risk, associations with cognitive impairment and potential structural correlates of cognitive decline remain underexplored. Here we aimed to investigate the presence and nature of any associations between common infections, cognitive decline and neuroimaging parameters. The UK Biobank is a large volunteer cohort (over 500,000 participants recruited aged 40-69) with linkage to primary and secondary care records. Using linear mixed effects models, we compared participants with and without a history of infections for changes in cognitive function during follow-up. Linear regression models were used to investigate the association of infections with hippocampal and white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume. 16,728 participants (median age 56.0 years [IQR 50.0-61.0]; 51.3% women) had baseline and follow-up cognitive measures. We found no evidence of an association between the presence of infection diagnoses and cognitive decline for mean correct response time (slope difference [infections versus no infections] = 0.40 ms, 95% CI: -0.17-0.96 per year), visual memory (slope difference 0.0004 log errors per year, 95% CI: -0.003-0.004, fluid intelligence (slope difference 0.007, 95% CI: -0.010-0.023) and prospective memory (OR 0.88, 95% CI: 0.68-1.14). No evidence of an association was found between infection site, setting or frequency and cognitive decline except for small associations on the visual memory test. We found no association between infections and hippocampal or WMH volume. Limitations of our study include selection bias, potential practice effects and the relatively young age of our cohort. Our findings do not support a major role for common midlife infections in contributing to cognitive decline for this cohort. Further research is warranted in individuals with more severe infections, for infections occurring later in life.
(© 2022. The Author(s).)

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