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Tytuł pozycji:

Risk factors for community-acquired respiratory infections in a non-pandemic context: Secondary analysis of the PRIMIT study.

Tytuł:
Risk factors for community-acquired respiratory infections in a non-pandemic context: Secondary analysis of the PRIMIT study.
Autorzy:
Hammond A; Centre for Academic Primary Care, University of Bristol, Bristol, England.
Stuart B; Primary Care, Population Sciences and Medical Education, University of Southampton, Aldermoor Health Centre, Southampton, England.
Little P; Primary Care, Population Sciences and Medical Education, University of Southampton, Aldermoor Health Centre, Southampton, England.
Hay AD; Centre for Academic Primary Care, University of Bristol, Bristol, England.
Źródło:
PloS one [PLoS One] 2022 Nov 17; Vol. 17 (11), pp. e0277201. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Nov 17 (Print Publication: 2022).
Typ publikacji:
Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Język:
English
Imprint Name(s):
Original Publication: San Francisco, CA : Public Library of Science
MeSH Terms:
Community-Acquired Infections*/epidemiology
Community-Acquired Infections*/prevention & control
Respiratory Tract Infections*/epidemiology
Respiratory Tract Infections*/prevention & control
Aged ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Crowding ; Family Characteristics ; Respiratory System ; Risk Factors
References:
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Entry Date(s):
Date Created: 20221117 Date Completed: 20221130 Latest Revision: 20230104
Update Code:
20240104
PubMed Central ID:
PMC9671441
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0277201
PMID:
36395249
Czasopismo naukowe
Objectives: Respiratory tract infection (RTI) incidence varies between people, but little is known about why. The aim of this study is therefore to identify risk factors for acquiring RTIs.
Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of 16,908 participants in the PRIMIT study, a pre-pandemic randomised trial showing handwashing reduced incidence of RTIs in the community. Data was analysed using multivariable logistic regression analyses of self-reported RTI acquisition.
Results: After controlling for handwashing, RTI in the previous year (1 to 2 RTIs: adjusted OR 1.96, 95% CI 1.79 to 2.13, p<0.001; 3 to 5 RTIs: aOR 3.89, 95% CI 3.49 to 4.33, p<0.001; ≥6 RTIs: OR 5.52, 95% CI 4.37 to 6.97, p<0.001); skin conditions that prevent handwashing (aOR 1.39, 95% CI 1.24 to 1.55, p<0.001); children under 16 years in the household (aOR 1.27, 95% CI 1.12, 1.43, p<0.001); chronic lung condition (aOR 1.16, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.32, p = 0.026); female sex (aOR 1.10, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.18, p = 0.005), and post-secondary education (aOR 1.09, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.17, p = 0.01) increased the likelihood of RTI. Those over the age of 65 years were less likely to develop an infection (aOR 0.89, 95% CI 0.82 to 0.97, p = 0.009). Household crowding and influenza vaccination do not influence RTI acquisition. A post-hoc exploratory analysis found no evidence these subgroups differentially benefited from handwashing.
Conclusions: Previous RTIs, chronic lung conditions, skin conditions that prevent handwashing, and the presence of household children predispose to RTI acquisition. Further research is needed to understand how host and microbial factors explain the relationship between previous and future RTIs.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
(Copyright: © 2022 Hammond et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
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