New insights into transcription elongation control of HIV-1 latency and rebound.

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Tytuł:: New insights into transcription elongation control of HIV-1 latency and rebound.
Autorzy:: Mbonye U; Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Kizito F; Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Karn J; Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA. Electronic address: .
Źródło:: Trends in immunology [Trends Immunol] 2023 Jan; Vol. 44 (1), pp. 60-71. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Dec 08.
Typ publikacji:: Journal Article; Review; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Język:: English
Imprint Name(s):: Original Publication: Oxford, UK : Elsevier Science Ltd., c2001-
MeSH Terms:: HIV-1*
HIV Infections*
Humans ; Transcription, Genetic ; Virus Latency ; Positive Transcriptional Elongation Factor B/genetics ; Positive Transcriptional Elongation Factor B/metabolism ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
Grant Information:: R01 AI148083 United States AI NIAID NIH HHS; R61 AI169629 United States AI NIAID NIH HHS; R01 DE025464 United States DE NIDCR NIH HHS
Contributed Indexing:: Keywords: 7SK snRNP; HIV-1 Tat; HIV-1 latency; HIV-1 reservoir; P-TEFb; T cell receptor signaling; latency reversal
Substance Nomenclature:: EC 2.7.11.- (Positive Transcriptional Elongation Factor B)
Entry Date(s):: Date Created: 20221212 Date Completed: 20230103 Latest Revision: 20230411
Update Code:: 20240105
DOI:: 10.1016/j.it.2022.11.003
PMID:: 36503686
: Czasopismo naukowe

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Antiretroviral therapy reduces circulating HIV-1 to undetectable amounts but does not eliminate the virus due to the persistence of a stable reservoir of latently infected cells. The reservoir is maintained both by proliferation of latently infected cells and by reseeding from reactivated cells. A major challenge for the field is to find safe and effective methods to eliminate this source of rebounding HIV-1. Studies on the molecular mechanisms leading to HIV-1 latency and reactivation are being transformed using latency models in primary and patient CD4 + T cells. These studies have revealed the central role played by the biogenesis of the transcription elongation factor P-TEFb (Positive Transcription Elongation Factor b) and its recruitment to proviral HIV-1, for the maintenance of viral latency and the control of viral reactivation.
Competing Interests: Declaration of interests No interests are declared.
(Copyright © 2022. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)

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