Dispersal is thought to be an important process determining range size, especially for species in highly spatially structured habitats, such as tropical reef fishes. Despite intensive research efforts, there is conflicting evidence about the role of dispersal in determining range size. We hypothesize that traits related to dispersal drive range sizes, but that complete and comprehensive datasets are essential for detecting relationships between species' dispersal ability and range size. We investigate the roles of six traits affecting several stages of dispersal (adult mobility, spawning mode, pelagic larval duration (PLD), body size, aggregation behavior, and circadian activity), in explaining range size variation of reef fishes in the Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP). All traits, except for PLD (148 species), had data for all 497 species in the region. Using a series of statistical models, we investigated which traits were associated with large range sizes, when analyzing all TEP species or only species with PLD data. Furthermore, using null models, we analyzed whether the PLD‐subset is representative of the regional species pool. Several traits affecting dispersal ability were strongly associated with range size, although these relationships could not be detected when using the PLD‐subset. Pelagic spawners (allowing for passive egg dispersal) had on average 56% larger range sizes than nonpelagic spawners. Species with medium or high adult mobility had on average a 25% or 33% larger range, respectively, than species with low mobility. Null models showed that the PLD‐subset was nonrepresentative of the regional species pool, explaining why model outcomes using the PLD‐subset differed from the ones based on the complete dataset. Our results show that in the TEP, traits affecting dispersal ability are important in explaining range size variation. Using a regionally complete dataset was crucial for detecting the theoretically expected, but so far empirically unresolved, relationship between dispersal and range size. Our manuscript deals with a long‐standing question about the main drivers of range sizes in reef fishes. Even though dispersal seems like an obvious determinant of range size for reef fishes, a general consensus for its role remains elusive. Here we collated a data set of all tropical reef‐associated fishes of the Tropical Eastern Pacific (497 species) and included traits that affect dispersal ability during the egg, larval and adult stage in our analysis, potentially responsible for range size variation. Our results show that within the Tropical Eastern Pacific, dispersal‐related traits are important in explaining range size variation. The use of a regionally complete dataset was crucial for arriving at these conclusions regarding the theoretically expected, but so far empirically unresolved, relationship between dispersal and range size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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