A scheme to measure multiple Jones–Mueller matrices over a fibre system is proposed based on the concept of system estimation. The method modulates the input state of polarization (SOP) of each piece of testing fibre by using a rotatable coiled fibre wave plate, rather than measuring the input SOP with an in-line polarization state analyser as conventional methods do. The Jones–Mueller matrix can be expressed as a set of quadratic equations and estimated with least square optimization. A scheme to determine the retardance of the rotating fibre wave plate instantly is proposed for calibrating the environmental sensitivity of the rotating fibre wave plate. Moreover, the measurement uncertainty of the scheme is simulated and the Mueller matrices of two pieces of fibre are measured experimentally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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