Pain management following spinal surgeries in pediatric patients. Preliminary results

Introduction: Around 80% of pediatric patients who undergo spine surgery report moderate to severe pain in the immediate postoperative (POP) period, and only half of them are treated according to an adequate and standardized pain management scheme. Objectives: To describe the type and intensity of POP pain in children who underwent spinal surgery and evaluate the effectiveness of the current pain management protocol. Materials and Methods: We assessed children between 10 and 18 years of age who were able to understand the purpose of the study. We recorded presence of pain, time of POP pain onset, location, and referred intensity of the pain using a numeric rating scale (NRS), among other variables. Results: Overall, 84 pediatric patients were evaluated. Mean age at surgery: 12 years and 9 months. Etiology: idiopathic (41 patients), neuropathic (14 patients), syndromic (10 patients), muscular (7 patients), and miscellaneous (12 patients). Mean preoperative NRS was 2.1 and 7.3 on POP day 1, 6.6 on POP day 2, 6.2 on POP day 3, 5.1 on POP day 4, 3.7 on POP day 5, and 3.3 on POP day 6/at discharge. Mean hospital stay was 6.3 days. The mean cost of hospital stay was USD 1090 per patient. Conclusions: A high percentage of pediatric patients who underwent spinal surgery reported moderate to severe pain in the POP period, and just half of them received a standardized pain management protocol. A pain management protocol with a multimodal focus should be considered in a near future.