A Comprehensive Review of Contemporary Literature for Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Their Toxicity

Chung-Shien Lee,1,2 Sandhya Sharma,3 Emily Miao,4 Cheryl Mensah,5 Kevin Sullivan,2 Nagashree Seetharamu2 1Department of Clinical Health Professions, St. John’s University, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Queens, NY 11439, USA; 2Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Northwell Health Cancer Institute, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Lake Success, NY 11042, USA; 3Department of Hematology and Oncology, Denver Health, Denver, CO 80204, USA; 4Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; 5Weil Cornell School of Medicine, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Weill Cornell of Medicine, New York, NY, USACorrespondence: Nagashree SeetharamuDivision of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Northwell Health Cancer Institute, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 450 Lakeville Road, Lake Success, NY 11042, USATel +1 516-734-8855Email nseetharamu@northwell.eduAbstract: Mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are common amongst those with non-small cell lung cancer and represent a major factor in treatment decisions, most notably in the advanced stages. Small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) that target the EGFR, such as erlotinib, gefitinib, icotinib, afatinib, dacomitinib and osimertinib, have all shown to be effective in this setting. Osimertinib, a third-generation EGFR TKI, is a favorable option, but almost all patients develop resistance at some time point. There are no effective treatment options for patients who progress on osimertinib, but ongoing trials will hopefully address this unmet need. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive review of the data with EGFR TKIs, management of the toxicities and the ongoing trials with this class of agents.Keywords: non-small cell lung cancer, epidermal growth factor receptor, tyrosine kinase inhibitor