ICMA'S Minorities in Management Program and African American City and County Managers: THE FIRST 50 YEARS OF AFRICAN AMERICANS IN THE PUBLIC MANAGEMENT PROFESSION.

The article looks back to the formation, operation, and evolution of International City/County Management Association (ICMA)'s Minorities in Management job placement programming, which launched in 1970, and continued in various forms for several decades. It mentions ICMA records indicate that the association's conversations on race relations, social justice, and inequality began to increase throughout the 1960s; and ICMA's first director for the program was Richard Monteilh.