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The advent of World War I came as a surprise to few astute observers, but the carnage it wrought, especially in the very heart of Europe, was a great shock to civilized nations. War fever had gripped much of Europe prior to the outbreak of World War I, most thinking that a quick war would settle the various balance-of-power considerations then motivating European governments. The two previous Balkan Wars of 1912 and 1913, although brutal, had been quite local affairs, so even after the... więcej
Salem Press Encyclopedia, 2023. 3p.
The assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand, heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, on June 28, 1914, set in motion a chain of events that resulted in a world war that profoundly affected the course of history. Virtually since that time, historians have attempted to explain how such a relatively minor event as the assassination could have had such devastating consequences. The war not only ravaged the economies of the major European states but also caused or made possible the triumph of... więcej
Salem Press Encyclopedia, 2023. 3p.
On June, 28, 1914, Archduke Francis Ferdinand of Austria was assassinated by a Serbian nationalist. Nationalist fervor had been brewing in Europe, and Serbia was then under the dominion of the aging Austro-Hungarian Empire. The assassination was the spark; the accumulated tinder was composed of imperial and economic rivalries among major European powers. These rivalries had produced an arms race and a tangle of military and economic alliances.
Salem Press Encyclopedia of Literature, 2023. 3p.
World War I had its roots in several developments in the previous half century. Following the French defeat in the Franco-Prussian War (1870–1871) and the French loss of Alsace-Lorraine, Otto von Bismarck, the chancellor of the new German nation, sought to keep France isolated by constructing a complex series of alliances with the major powers. After Bismarck’s dismissal in 1890, the German Re-Insurance Treaty with Russia was not renewed. Within four years, Russia signed a military alliance... więcej
Salem Press Encyclopedia, 2023. 3p.
Debts accrued by the governments of belligerent nations during World War I. In June of 1919, the Allied powers forced representatives of the new German government to sign the Treaty of Versailles officially ending World War I. One of the key elements of the treaty was Article 231, commonly known as the war guilt clause, whereby Germany accepted responsibility for “all the loss and damage to which the Allied and Associated Governments and their nationals have been subjected as a consequence of... więcej
Salem Press Encyclopedia, 2022. 3p.
